,AB\T ! ,PLAT=M 

#aic 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,RA*EL1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,S,A ,LIC5SE  
,I REC5TLY HAPP5$ TO COME ACROSS A ,FR5* PAMPHLET 79 ,ITALY TODAY .<#a#i#b#g.>1 AS IS KN[N1 ! NON-FASCI/ PRESS CANNOT FREELY CIRCULATE71 ) ! TITLE ,ORGANIZATIONAL ,PLAT=M ( ! ,G5]AL ,UNION ( ,AN>*I/S 7,PROJECT74 

,?IS IS A PROJECT = AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION PUBLI%$ UND] ! NAME ( A ',GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/S ,ABROAD' & IT SEEMS TO BE DIRECT$ P>TICUL>LY AT ,RUSSIAN COMRADES4 ,BUT IT DEALS ) QUE/IONS ( EQUAL 9T]E/ TO ALL AN>*I/S2 & IT IS1 CLE>1 9CLUD+ ! LANGUAGE 9 :I* IT IS WRITT51 ?AT IT SEEKS ! SUPPORT ( COMRADES WORLDWIDE4 ,9 ANY CASE IT IS WOR? EXAM9+1 = ! ,RUSSIANS AS = EV]YONE1 :E!R ! PROPOSAL PUT =W>D IS 9 KEEP+ ) AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES & :E!R IMPLEM5TATION W\LD TRULY S]VE ! CAUSE ( AN>*ISM4 

,! 9T5TIONS ( ! COMRADES >E EXCELL5T4 ,!Y RI<TLY LAM5T ! FACT ?AT UNTIL N[ ! AN>*I/S HAVE NOT HAD AN 9FLU5CE ON POLITICAL & SOCIAL EV5TS 9 PROPORTION TO ! !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL VALUE ( !IR DOCTR9ES1 NOR TO !IR NUMB]S1 C\RAGE & SPIRIT ( SELF-SACRIFICE -- & BELIEVE ?AT ! MA9 REASON = ?IS RELATIVE FAILURE IS ! LACK ( A L>GE1 S]I\S & ACTIVE ORGANIZATION4 

,& ?US F> ,I C\LD MORE OR LESS AGREE4 

,ORGANIZATION1 :I* AFT] ALL ONLY MEANS COOP]ATION & SOLID>ITY 9 PRACTICE1 IS A NATURAL CONDITION1 NECESS>Y TO ! RUNN+ ( SOCIETY2 & IT IS AN UNAVOIDABLE FACT :I* 9VOLVES EV]YONE1 :E!R 9 HUMAN SOCIETY 9 G5]AL OR 9 ANY GR\P+ ( PEOPLE JO9$ BY A COMMON AIM4 

,AS HUMAN BE+S CANNOT LIVE 9 ISOLATION1 9DE$ C\LD NOT REALLY BECOME HUMAN BE+S & SATISFY !IR MORAL & MAT]IAL NE$S UNLESS !Y W]E P>T ( SOCIETY & COOP]AT$ ) !IR FELL[S1 IT IS 9EVITABLE ?AT ?OSE :O LACK ! MEANS1 OR A SUFFICI5TLY DEVELOP$ AW>5ESS1 TO ORGANIZE FREELY ) ?OSE ) :OM !Y %>E COMMON 9T]E/S & S5TIM5TS1 MU/ SUBMIT TO ! ORGANIZATIONS SET UP BY O!RS1 :O G5]ALLY =M ! RUL+ CLASS OR GR\P & :OSE AIM IS TO EXPLOIT ! LABOR ( O!RS TO !IR [N ADVANTAGE4 ,& ! AGE-LONG OPPRESSION ( ! MASSES BY A SMALL NUMB] ( ! PRIVILEG$ HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! \TCOME ( ! 9ABILITY ( ! GREAT] NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS TO AGREE & TO ORGANIZE ) O!R WORK]S ON PRODUCTION & 5JOYM5T ( RI<TS & B5EFITS & = DEF5SE AGA9/ ?OSE :O SEEK TO EXPLOIT & OPPRESS !M4 

,AN>*ISM EM]G$ AS A RESPONSE TO ?IS /ATE ( AFFAIRS1 ITS BASIC PR9CIPLE BE+ FREE ORGANIZATION1 SET UP & RUN ACCORD+ TO ! FREE AGREEM5T ( ITS MEMB]S )\T ANY K9D ( AU?ORITY2 ?AT IS1 )\T ANYONE HAV+ ! RI<T TO IMPOSE !IR WILL ON O!RS4 ,& IT IS !RE=E OBVI\S ?AT AN>*I/S %\LD SEEK TO APPLY TO !IR P]SONAL & POLITICAL LIVES ?IS SAME PR9CIPLE UPON :I*1 !Y BELIEVE1 ! :OLE ( HUMAN SOCIETY %\LD BE BAS$4 

,JUDG+ BY C]TA9 POLEMICS IT W\LD SEEM ?AT !RE >E AN>*I/S :O SPURN ANY =M ( ORGANIZATION2 BUT 9 FACT ! MANY1 TOO MANY1 DISCUSSIONS ON ?IS SUBJECT1 EV5 :5 OBSCUR$ BY QUE/IONS ( LANGUAGE OR POISON$ BY P]SONAL ISSUES1 >E CONC]N$ ) ! MEANS & NOT ! ACTUAL PR9CIPLE ( ORGANIZATION4 ,?US IT HAPP5S ?AT :5 ?OSE COMRADES :O S\ND ! MO/ HO/ILE TO ORGANIZATION WANT TO REALLY DO SOME?+ !Y ORGANIZE JU/ LIKE ! RE/ ( US & (T5 MORE EFFECTIVELY4 ,! PROBLEM1 ,I REPEAT1 IS 5TIRELY ONE ( MEANS4 

,!RE=E ,I CAN ONLY VIEW ) SYMPA?Y ! 9ITIATIVE ?AT \R ,RUSSIAN COMRADES HAVE TAK51 CONV9C$ AS ,I AM ?AT A MORE G5]AL1 MORE UNIT$1 MORE 5DUR+ ORGANIZATION ?AN ANY ?AT HAVE SO F> BE5 SET UP BY AN>*I/S -- EV5 IF IT DID NOT MANAGE TO DO AWAY ) ALL ! MI/AKES & WEAKNESSES ?AT >E P]HAPS 9EVITABLE 9 A MOVEM5T LIKE \RS -- :I* /RUGGLES ON 9 ! MID/ ( ! 9COMPREH5SION1 9DIFF]5CE & EV5 ! HO/ILITY ( ! MAJORITY -- W\LD UND\BT$LY BE AN IMPORTANT ELEM5T ( /R5G? & SUCCESS1 A P[]FUL MEANS ( GA9+ SUPPORT = \R IDEAS4 

,I BELIEVE IT IS NECESS>Y ABOVE ALL & URG5T = AN>*I/S TO COME TO T]MS ) ONE ANO!R & ORGANIZE AS MU* & AS WELL AS POSSIBLE 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO 9FLU5CE ! DIRECTION ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE TAKE 9 !IR /RUGGLE = *ANGE & EMANCIPATION4 

,TODAY ! MAJOR =CE = SOCIAL TRANS=MATION IS ! LABOR MOVEM5T 7UNION MOVEM5T7 & ON ITS DIRECTION WILL L>GELY DEP5D ! C\RSE EV5TS TAKE & ! OBJECTIVES ( ! NEXT REVOLUTION4 ,?R\< ! ORGANIZATIONS SET UP = ! DEF5SE ( !IR 9T]E/S ! WORK]S DEVELOP AN AW>5ESS ( ! OPPRESSION !Y SUFF] & ! ANTAGONISM ?AT DIVIDES !M FROM ! BOSSES & AS A RESULT BEG9 TO ASPIRE TO A BETT] LIFE1 BECOME ACCU/OM$ TO COLLECTIVE /RUGGLE & SOLID>ITY & W9 ?OSE IMPROVEM5TS ?AT >E POSSIBLE )9 ! CAPITALI/ & /ATE REGIME4 ,!N1 :5 ! CONFLICT GOES BEYOND COMPROMISE1 REVOLUTION OR REACTION FOLL[S4 ,! AN>*I/S MU/ RECOGNIZE ! USEFULNESS & IMPORTANCE ( ! UNION MOVEM5T2 !Y MU/ SUPPORT ITS DEVELOPM5T & MAKE IT ONE ( ! LEV]S 9 !IR ACTION1 DO+ ALL !Y CAN TO 5SURE ?AT1 BY COOP]AT+ ) O!R =CES = PROGRESS1 IT WILL OP5 ! WAY TO A SOCIAL REVOLUTION ?AT BR+S TO AN 5D ! CLASS SY/EM1 & TO COMPLETE FRE$OM1 EQUALITY1 PEACE & SOLID>ITY = EV]YBODY4 

,BUT IT W\LD BE A GREAT & A FATAL MI/AKE TO BELIEVE1 AS MANY DO1 ?AT ! LABOR MOVEM5T CAN & %\LD1 ( ITS [N VOLITION1 & BY ITS V]Y NATURE1 LEAD TO SU* A REVOLUTION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ALL MOVEM5TS BAS$ ON MAT]IAL & IMM$IATE 9T]E/S 7& A BIG LABOR MOVEM5T CAN DO NO?+ ELSE7 IF !Y LACK ! /IMULUS1 ! DRIVE1 ! CONC]T$ EF=T ( PEOPLE ( IDEAS1 T5D 9EVITABLY TO ADAPT TO CIRCUM/ANCES1 !Y FO/] A SPIRIT ( CONS]VATISM & FE> ( *ANGE 9 ?OSE :O MANAGE TO OBTA9 BETT] WORK+ CONDITIONS1 & (T5 5D UP CREAT+ NEW & PRIVILEG$ CLASSES1 & S]V+ TO UPHOLD & CONSOLIDATE ! SY/EM WE W\LD SEEK TO DE/ROY4 

,H5CE !RE IS AN IMPELL+ NE$ = SPECIFICALLY AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS :I*1 BO? FROM )9 & \TSIDE ! UNIONS1 /RUGGLE = ! A*IEVEM5T ( AN>*ISM & SEEK TO /]ILIZE ALL ! G]MS ( DEG5]ATION & REACTION4 

,BUT IT IS OBVI\S ?AT 9 ORD] TO A*IEVE !IR 5DS1 AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS MU/1 9 !IR CON/ITUTION & OP]ATION1 REMA9 9 H>MONY ) ! PR9CIPLES ( AN>*ISM2 ?AT IS1 !Y MU/ KN[ H[ TO BL5D ! FREE ACTION ( 9DIVIDUALS ) ! NECESSITY & ! JOY ( COOP]ATION :I* S]VE TO DEVELOP ! AW>5ESS & 9ITIATIVE ( !IR MEMB]S & A MEANS ( $UCATION = ! 5VIRONM5T 9 :I* !Y OP]ATE & ( A MORAL & MAT]IAL PREP>ATION = ! FUTURE WE DESIRE4 

,DOES ! PROJECT UND] DISCUSSION SATISFY !SE DEM&S8 

,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT IT DOES NOT4 ,9/EAD ( >\S+ 9 AN>*I/S A GREAT] DESIRE = ORGANIZATION1 IT SEEMS DELIB]ATELY DESIGN$ TO RE9=CE ! PREJUDICE ( ?OSE COMRADES :O BELIEVE ?AT TO ORGANIZE MEANS TO SUBMIT TO LEAD]S & BELONG TO AN AU?ORIT>IAN1 C5TRALIZ+ BODY ?AT SUFFOCATES ANY ATTEMPT AT FREE 9ITIATIVE4 ,& 9 FACT IT CONTA9S PRECISELY ?OSE PROPOSALS ?AT SOME1 9 ! FACE ( EVID5T TRU?S & DESPITE \R PROTE/S1 9SI/ ON ATTRIBUT+ TO ALL AN>*I/S :O >E DESCRIB$ AS ORGANIZ]S4 ,LET US EXAM9E ! ,PROJECT4 

,FIR/ ( ALL1 IT SEEMS TO ME A MI/AKE -- & 9 ANY CASE IMPOSSIBLE TO REALIZE -- TO BELIEVE ?AT ALL AN>*I/S CAN BE GR\P$ TOGE!R 9 ONE ',G5]AL ,UNION' -- ?AT IS1 9 ! WORDS ( ! ,PROJECT1 ,9 A S+LE1 ACTIVE REVOLUTION>Y BODY4 

,WE AN>*I/S CAN ALL SAY ?AT WE >E ( ! SAME P>TY1 IF BY ! WORD 'P>TY' WE MEAN ALL :O >E ON ! SAME SIDE1 ?AT IS1 :O %>E ! SAME G5]AL ASPIRATIONS & :O1 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R1 /RUGGLE = ! SAME 5DS AGA9/ COMMON ADV]S>IES & 5EMIES4 ,BUT ?IS DOES NOT MEAN IT IS POSSIBLE -- OR EV5 DESIRABLE -- = ALL ( US TO BE GA!R$ 9TO ONE SPECIFIC ASSOCIATION4 ,!RE >E TOO MANY DIFF]5CES ( 5VIRONM5T & CONDITIONS ( /RUGGLE2 TOO MANY POSSIBLE WAYS ( ACTION TO *OOSE AMONG1 & ALSO TOO MANY DIFF]5CES ( TEMP]AM5T & P]SONAL 9COMPATIBILITIES = A ,G5]AL ,UNION1 IF TAK5 S]I\SLY1 NOT TO BECOME1 9/EAD ( A MEANS = COORD9AT+ & REVIEW+ ! EF=TS ( ALL1 AN OB/ACLE TO 9DIVIDUAL ACTIVITY & P]HAPS ALSO A CAUSE ( MORE BITT] 9T]NAL /RIFE4 

,AS AN EXAMPLE1 H[ C\LD ONE ORGANIZE 9 ! SAME WAY & ) ! SAME GR\P A PUBLIC ASSOCIATION SET UP TO MAKE PROPAG&A & AGITATION1 PUBLICLY & A SECRET SOCIETY RE/RICT$ BY ! POLITICAL CONDITIONS ( ! C\NTRY 9 :I* IT OP]ATES TO CONCEAL FROM ! 5EMY ITS PLANS1 ME?ODS & MEMB]S8 ,H[ C\LD ! $UCATIONALI/S1 :O BELIEVE ?AT PROPAG&A & EXAMPLE SUFFICE = ! GRADUAL TRANS=MATION ( 9DIVIDUALS & ?US ( SOCIETY1 ADOPT ! SAME TACTICS AS ! REVOLUTION>IES1 :O >E CONV9C$ ( ! NE$ TO DE/ROY BY VIOL5CE A /ATUS QUO ?AT IS MA9TA9$ BY VIOL5CE & TO CREATE1 9 ! FACE ( ! VIOL5CE ( ! OPPRESSORS1 ! NECESS>Y CONDITIONS = ! FREE DISSEM9ATION ( PROPAG&A & ! PRACTICAL APPLICATION ( ! CONQU]$ IDEALS8 ,& H[ TO KEEP TOGE!R SOME PEOPLE :O1 = P>TICUL> REASONS1 DO NOT GET ON )2 & RESPECT ONE ANO!R & C\LD NEV] BE EQUALLY GOOD & USEFUL MILITANTS = AN>*ISM8 

,BESIDES1 EV5 ! AU?ORS ( ! ,PROJECT 7,PLAT=ME7 DECL>E AS '9EPT' ANY IDEA ( CREAT+ AN ORGANIZATION :I* GA!RS TOGE!R ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! DIFF]5T T5D5CIES 9 AN>*ISM4 ,SU* AN ORGANIZATION1 !Y SAY1 '9CORPORAT+ HET]OG5E\S ELEM5TS1 BO? ON A !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL LEVEL1 W\LD BE NO MORE ?AN A ME*ANICAL COLLECTION 7ASSEMBLAGE7 ( 9DIVIDUALS :O CONCEIVE ALL QUE/IONS CONC]N+ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T FROM A DIFF]5T PO9T ( VIEW & W\LD 9EVITABLY BREAK UP AS SOON AS !Y W]E PUT TO ! TE/ ( EV5TS & REAL LIFE4' 

,?AT'S F9E4 ,BUT !N1 IF !Y RECOGNIZE ! EXI/5CE ( DIFF]5T T5D5CIES !Y WILL SURELY HAVE TO LEAVE !M ! RI<T TO ORGANIZE 9 !IR [N FA%ION & WORK = AN>*Y 9 ! WAY ?AT SEEMS BE/ TO !M4 ,OR WILL !Y CLAIM ! RI<T TO EXPEL1 TO EXCOMMUNICATE FROM AN>*ISM ALL ?OSE :O DO NOT ACCEPT !IR PROGRAM8 ,C]TA9LY !Y SAY !Y 'WANT TO ASSEMBLE 9 A S+LE ORGANIZATION' ALL ! S\ND ELEM5TS ( ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T2 & NATURALLY !Y WILL T5D TO JUDGE AS S\ND ONLY ?OSE :O ?9K AS !Y DO4 ,BUT :AT WILL !Y DO ) ! ELEM5TS ?AT >E NOT S\ND8 

,( C\RSE1 AMONG ?OSE :O DESCRIBE !MSELVES AS AN>*I/S !RE >E1 AS 9 ANY HUMAN GR\P+S1 ELEM5TS ( V>Y+ WOR?2 & :AT IS WORSE1 !RE >E SOME :O SPREAD IDEAS 9 ! NAME ( AN>*ISM :I* HAVE V]Y LITTLE TO DO ) AN>*ISM4 ,BUT H[ TO AVOID ! PROBLEM8 ,AN>*I/ TRU? CANNOT & MU/ NOT BECOME ! MONOPOLY ( ONE 9DIVIDUAL OR COMMITTEE2 NOR CAN IT DEP5D ON ! DECISIONS ( REAL OR FICTITI\S MAJORITIES4 ,ALL ?AT IS NECESS>Y -- & SUFFICI5T -- IS = EV]YONE TO HAVE & TO EX]CISE ! WIDE/ FRE$OM ( CRITICISM & = EA* ONE ( US TO MA9TA9 !IR [N IDEAS & *OOSE = !MSELVES !IR [N COMRADES4 ,9 ! LA/ RESORT ! FACTS WILL DECIDE :O WAS RI<T4 

,LET US !RE=E PUT ASIDE ! IDEA ( BR++ TOGE!R ALL AN>*I/S 9TO A S+LE ORGANIZATION & LOOK AT ?IS ,G5]AL ,UNION :I* ! ,RUSSIANS PROPOSE TO US = :AT IT REALLY IS -- NAMELY ! ,UNION ( A P>TICUL> FRACTION ( AN>*I/S2 & LET US SEE :E!R ! ORGANIZATIONAL ME?OD PROPOS$ CON=MS ) AN>*I/ ME?ODS & PR9CIPLES & IF IT C\LD !REBY HELP TO BR+ AB\T ! TRIUMPH ( AN>*ISM4 

,ONCE AGA91 IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT IT CANNOT4 

,I AM NOT D\BT+ ! S9C]ITY ( ! AN>*I/ PROPOSALS ( ?OSE ,RUSSIAN COMRADES4 ,!Y WANT TO BR+ AB\T AN>*I/ COMMUNISM & >E SEEK+ ! MEANS ( DO+ SO AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE4 ,BUT IT IS NOT 5\< TO WANT SOME?+2 ONE ALSO HAS TO ADOPT SUITABLE MEANS2 TO GET TO A C]TA9 PLACE ONE MU/ TAKE ! RI<T PA? OR 5D UP SOME:]E ELSE4 ,!IR ORGANIZATION1 BE+ TYPICALLY AU?ORIT>IAN1 F> FROM HELP+ TO BR+ AB\T ! VICTORY ( AN>*I/ COMMUNISM1 TO :I* !Y ASPIRE1 C\LD ONLY FALSIFY ! AN>*I/ SPIRIT & LEAD TO CONSEQU5CES ?AT GO AGA9/ !IR 9T5TIONS4 

,9 FACT1 !IR ,G5]AL ,UNION APPE>S TO CONSI/ ( SO MANY P>TIAL ORGANIZATIONS ) SECRET>IATS :I* IDEOLOGICALLY DIRECT ! POLITICAL & TE*NICAL WORK2 & TO COORD9ATE ! ACTIVITIES ( ALL ! MEMB] ORGANIZATIONS !RE IS A ,UNION ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE :OSE TASK IS TO C>RY \T ! DECISIONS ( ! ,UNION & TO OV]SEE ! 'IDEOLOGICAL & ORGANIZATIONAL CONDUCT ( ! ORGANIZATIONS 9 CON=MITY ) ! IDEOLOGY & G5]AL /RATEGY ( ! ,UNION4' 

,IS ?IS AN>*I/8 ,?IS1 9 MY VIEW1 IS A GOV]NM5T & A *UR*4 ,TRUE1 !RE >E NO POLICE OR BAYONETS1 NO FAI?FUL FLOCK TO ACCEPT ! DICTAT$ IDEOLOGY2 BUT ?IS ONLY MEANS ?AT !IR GOV]NM5T W\LD BE AN IMPOT5T & IMPOSSIBLE GOV]NM5T & !IR *UR* A NURS]Y = H]ESIES & S*ISMS4 ,! SPIRIT1 ! T5D5CY REMA9S AU?ORIT>IAN & ! $UCATIONAL EFFECT W\LD REMA9 ANTI-AN>*I/4 

,LI/5 IF ?IS IS NOT TRUE4 

',! EXECUTIVE ORGAN ( ! G5]AL LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T -- ! AN>*I/ ,UNION -- WILL 9TRODUCE 9TO ITS RANKS ! PR9CIPLE ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY2 ! :OLE ,UNION WILL BE RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( EV]Y MEMB]2 & EA* MEMB] WILL BE RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( ! ,UNION4' 

,& FOLL[+ ?IS1 :I* IS ! ABSOLUTE NEGATION ( ANY 9DIVIDUAL 9DEP5D5CE & FRE$OM ( 9ITIATIVE & ACTION1 ! PROPON5TS1 REMEMB]+ ?AT !Y >E AN>*I/S1 CALL !MSELVES F$]ALI/S & ?UND] AGA9/ C5TRALIZATION1 '! 9EVITABLE RESULTS ( :I*'1 !Y SAY1 '>E ! 5SLAVEM5T & ME*ANIZATION ( ! LIFE ( SOCIETY & ( ! P>TIES4' 

,BUT IF ! ,UNION IS RESPONSIBLE = :AT EA* MEMB] DOES1 H[ CAN IT LEAVE TO ITS 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & TO ! V>I\S GR\PS ! FRE$OM TO APPLY ! COMMON PROGRAM 9 ! WAY !Y ?9K BE/8 ,H[ CAN ONE BE RESPONSIBLE = AN ACTION IF IT DOES NOT HAVE ! MEANS TO PREV5T IT8 ,!RE=E1 ! ,UNION & 9 ITS NAME ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE1 W\LD NE$ TO MONITOR ! ACTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & ORD] !M :AT TO DO & :AT NOT TO DO2 & S9CE DISAPPROVAL AFT] ! EV5T CANNOT PUT RI<T A PREVI\SLY ACCEPT$ RESPONSIBILITY1 NO-ONE W\LD BE ABLE TO DO ANY?+ AT ALL BE=E HAV+ OBTA9$ ! GO-AHEAD1 ! P]MISSION ( ! COMMITTEE4 ,& ON ! O!R H&1 CAN AN 9DIVIDUAL ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY = ! ACTIONS ( A COLLECTIVITY BE=E KN[+ :AT IT WILL DO & IF HE CANNOT PREV5T IT DO+ :AT HE DISAPPROVES (8 

,MOREOV]1 ! AU?ORS ( ! ,PROJECT SAY ?AT IT IS ! ',UNION' :I* PROPOSES & DISPOSES4 ,BUT :5 !Y REF] TO ! WI%ES ( ! ,UNION DO !Y P]HAPS ALSO REF] TO ! WI%ES ( ALL ! MEMB]S8 ,IF SO1 = ! ,UNION TO FUNCTION IT W\LD NE$ EV]YONE ALWAYS TO HAVE ! SAME OP9ION ON ALL QUE/IONS4 ,SO IF IT IS NORMAL ?AT EV]YONE %\LD BE 9 AGREEM5T ON ! G5]AL & FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLES1 BECAUSE O!RWISE !Y W\LD NOT BE & REMA9 UNIT$1 IT CANNOT BE ASSUM$ ?AT ?9K+ BE+S WILL ALL & ALWAYS BE ( ! SAME OP9ION ON :AT NE$S TO BE DONE 9 ! DIFF]5T CIRCUM/ANCE & ON ! *OICE ( P]SONS TO :OM TO 5TRU/ EXECUTIVE & DIRECTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES4 

,9 REALITY -- AS IT EM]GES FROM ! TEXT ( ! ,PROJECT ITSELF -- ! WILL ( ! ,UNION CAN ONLY MEAN ! WILL ( ! MAJORITY1 EXPRESS$ ?R\< CONGRESSES :I* NOM9ATE & CONTROL ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE & DECIDE ON ALL ! IMPORTANT QUE/IONS4 ,NATURALLY1 ! CONGRESSES W\LD CONSI/ ( REPRES5TATIVES ELECT$ BY ! MAJORITY ( MEMB] GR\PS1 & !SE REPRES5TATIVES W\LD DECIDE ON :AT TO DO1 AS EV] BY A MAJORITY ( VOTES4 ,SO1 9 ! BE/ ( CASES1 ! DECISIONS W\LD BE TAK5 BY ! MAJORITY ( A MAJORITY1 & ?IS C\LD EASILY1 ESPECIALLY :5 ! OPPOS+ OP9IONS >E MORE ?AN TWO1 REPRES5T ONLY A M9ORITY4 

,FUR!RMORE IT %\LD BE PO9T$ \T ?AT1 GIV5 ! CONDITIONS 9 :I* AN>*I/S LIVE & /RUGGLE1 !IR CONGRESSES >E EV5 LESS TRULY REPRES5TATIVE ?AN ! B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5TS4 ,& !IR CONTROL OV] ! EXECUTIVE BODIES1 IF !SE HAVE AU?ORIT>IAN P[]S1 IS R>ELY OPPORTUNE & EFFECTIVE4 ,9 PRACTICE AN>*I/ CONGRESSES >E ATT5D$ BY :OEV] WI%ES & CAN1 :OEV] HAS 5\< MONEY & :O HAS NOT BE5 PREV5T$ BY POLICE MEASURES4 ,!RE >E AS MANY PRES5T :O REPRES5T ONLY !MSELVES OR A SMALL NUMB] ( FRI5DS AS !RE >E ?OSE TRULY REPRES5T+ ! OP9IONS & DESIRES ( A L>GE COLLECTIVE4 ,& UNLESS PRECAUTIONS >E TAK5 AGA9/ POSSIBLE TRAITORS & SPIES -- 9DE$1 BECAUSE ( ! NE$ = ?OSE V]Y PRECAUTIONS -- IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE A S]I\S *ECK ON ! REPRES5TATIVES & ! VALUE ( !IR M&ATE4 

,9 ANY CASE ?IS ALL COMES D[N TO A PURE MAJORITY SY/EM1 TO PURE P>LIAM5T>IANISM 4 

,IT IS WELL KN[N ?AT AN>*I/S DO NOT ACCEPT MAJORITY GOV]NM5T 7DEMOCRACY71 ANY MORE ?AN !Y ACCEPT GOV]NM5T BY ! FEW 7>I/OCRACY1 OLIG>*Y1 OR DICTATOR%IP BY ONE CLASS OR P>TY7 NOR ?AT ( ONE 9DIVIDUAL 7AUTOCRACY1 MON>*Y OR P]SONAL DICTATOR%IP74 

,?\S&S ( TIMES AN>*I/S HAVE CRITICIZ$ SO-CALL$ MAJORITY GOV]NM5T1 :I* ANYWAY 9 PRACTICE ALWAYS LEADS TO DOM9ATION BY A SMALL M9ORITY4 

,DO WE NE$ TO REPEAT ALL ?IS YET AGA9 = \R ,RUSSIAN COMRADES8 

,C]TA9LY AN>*I/S RECOGNIZE ?AT :]E LIFE IS LIV$ 9 COMMON IT IS (T5 NECESS>Y = ! M9ORITY TO COME TO ACCEPT ! OP9ION ( ! MAJORITY4 ,:5 !RE IS AN OBVI\S NE$ OR USEFULNESS 9 DO+ SOME?+ &1 TO DO IT REQUIRES ! AGREEM5T ( ALL1 ! FEW %\LD FEEL ! NE$ TO ADAPT TO ! WI%ES ( ! MANY4 ,& USUALLY1 9 ! 9T]E/S ( LIV+ PEACEFULLY TOGE!R & UND] CONDITIONS ( EQUALITY1 IT IS NECESS>Y = EV]YONE TO BE MOTIVAT$ BY A SPIRIT ( CONCORD1 TOL]ANCE & COMPROMISE4 ,BUT SU* ADAPTATION ON ! ONE H& BY ONE GR\P MU/ ON ! O!R BE RECIPROCAL1 VOLUNT>Y & MU/ /EM FROM AN AW>5ESS ( NE$ & ( GOODWILL TO PREV5T ! RUNN+ ( SOCIAL AFFAIRS FROM BE+ P>ALYZ$ BY OB/9ACY4 ,IT CANNOT BE IMPOS$ AS A PR9CIPLE & /ATUTORY NORM4 ,?IS IS AN IDEAL :I*1 P]HAPS1 9 DAILY LIFE 9 G5]AL1 IS DIFFICULT TO ATTA9 9 5TIRETY1 BUT IT IS A FACT ?AT 9 EV]Y HUMAN GR\P+ AN>*Y IS ?AT MU* NE>] :]E AGREEM5T BETWE5 MAJORITY & M9ORITY IS FREE & SPONTANE\S & EXEMPT FROM ANY IMPOSITION ?AT DOES NOT D]IVE FROM ! NATURAL ORD] ( ?+S4 

,SO IF AN>*I/S D5Y ! RI<T ( ! MAJORITY TO GOV]N HUMAN SOCIETY 9 G5]AL -- 9 :I* 9DIVIDUALS >E NONE!LESS CON/RA9$ TO ACCEPT C]TA9 RE/RICTIONS1 S9CE !Y CANNOT ISOLATE !MSELVES )\T R5\NC+ ! CONDITIONS ( HUMAN LIFE -- & IF !Y WANT EV]Y?+ TO BE DONE BY ! FREE AGREEM5T ( ALL1 H[ IS IT POSSIBLE = !M TO ADOPT ! IDEA ( GOV]NM5T BY MAJORITY 9 !IR ESS5TIALLY FREE & VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATIONS & BEG9 TO DECL>E ?AT AN>*I/S %\LD SUBMIT TO ! DECISIONS ( ! MAJORITY BE=E !Y HAVE EV5 HE>D :AT ?OSE MI<T BE8 

,IT IS UND]/&ABLE ?AT NON-AN>*I/S W\LD F9D ,AN>*Y1 DEF9$ AS A FREE ORGANIZATION )\T ! RULE ( ! MAJORITY OV] ! M9ORITY1 OR VISE V]SA1 AN UNREALIZABLE UTOPIA1 OR ONE REALIZABLE ONLY 9 A DI/ANT FUTURE2 BUT IT IS 9CONCEIVABLE ?AT ANYONE :O PR(ESSES TO AN>*I/ IDEAS & WANTS TO MAKE ,AN>*Y1 OR AT LEA/ S]I\SLY APPROA* ITS REALIZATION -- TODAY RA!R ?AN TOMORR[ -- %\LD DIS[N ! BASIC PR9CIPLES ( AN>*ISM 9 ! V]Y ACT ( PROPOS+ TO FI<T = ITS VICTORY4 

,9 MY VIEW1 AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION MU/ BE F\ND$ ON A V]Y DIFF]5T BASIS FROM ! ONE PROPOS$ BY ?OSE ,RUSSIAN COMRADES4 

,FULL AUTONOMY1 FULL 9DEP5D5CE & !RE=E FULL RESPONSIBILITY ( 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS2 FREE ACCORD BETWE5 ?OSE :O BELIEVE IT USEFUL TO UNITE 9 COOP]AT+ = A COMMON AIM2 MORAL DUTY TO SEE ?R\< COMMITM5TS UND]TAK5 & TO DO NO?+ ?AT W\LD CONTRADICT ! ACCEPT$ PROGRAM4 ,IT IS ON !SE BASES ?AT ! PRACTICAL /RUCTURES1 & ! RI<T TOOLS TO GIVE LIFE TO ! ORGANIZATION %\LD BE BUILT & DESIGN$4 ,!N ! GR\PS1 ! F$]ATIONS ( GR\PS1 ! F$]ATIONS ( F$]ATIONS1 ! MEET+S1 ! CONGRESSES1 ! CORRESPOND5CE COMMITTEES & SO =?4 ,BUT ALL ?IS MU/ BE DONE FREELY1 9 SU* A WAY ?AT ! ?\<T & 9ITIATIVE ( 9DIVIDUALS IS NOT OB/RUCT$1 & ) ! SOLE VIEW ( GIV+ GREAT] EFFECT TO EF=TS :I*1 9 ISOLATION1 W\LD BE EI!R IMPOSSIBLE OR 9EFFECTIVE4 ,?US CONGRESSES ( AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION1 ?\< SUFF]+ AS REPRES5TATIVE BODIES FROM ALL ! ABOVE-M5TION$ IMP]FECTIONS1 >E FREE FROM ANY K9D ( AU?ORIT>IANISM1 BECAUSE !Y DO NOT LAY D[N ! LAW2 !Y DO NOT IMPOSE !IR [N RESOLUTIONS ON O!RS4 ,!Y S]VE TO MA9TA9 & 9CREASE P]SONAL RELATION%IPS AMONG ! MO/ ACTIVE COMRADES1 TO COORD9ATE & 5C\RAGE PROGRAMMATIC /UDIES ON ! WAYS & MEANS ( TAK+ ACTION1 TO ACQUA9T ALL ON ! SITUATION 9 ! V>I\S REGIONS & ! ACTION MO/ URG5TLY NE$$ 9 EA*2 TO =MULATE ! V>I\S OP9IONS CURR5T AMONG ! AN>*I/S & DRAW UP SOME K9D ( /ATI/ICS FROM !M -- & !IR DECISIONS >E NOT OBLIGATORY RULES BUT SUGGE/IONS1 RECOMM5DATIONS1 PROPOSALS TO BE SUBMITT$ TO ALL 9VOLV$1 & DO NOT BECOME B9D+ & 5=CEABLE EXCEPT ON ?OSE :O ACCEPT !M1 & = AS LONG AS !Y ACCEPT !M4 

,! ADM9I/RATIVE BODIES :I* !Y NOM9ATE -- ,CORRESPOND5CE ,COMMISSION1 ETC4 -- HAVE NO EXECUTIVE P[]S1 HAVE NO DIRECTIVE P[]S1 UNLESS ON BEHALF ( ?OSE :O ASK = & APPROVE SU* 9ITIATIVES1 & HAVE NO AU?ORITY TO IMPOSE !IR [N VIEWS -- :I* !Y CAN C]TA9LY MA9TA9 & PROPAGATE AS GR\PS ( COMRADES1 BUT CANNOT PRES5T AS ! (FICIAL OP9ION ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,!Y PUBLI% ! RESOLUTIONS ( ! CONGRESSES & ! OP9IONS & PROPOSALS :I* GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS COMMUNICATE TO !M2 & !Y S]VE -- = ?OSE :O REQUIRE SU* A S]VICE -- TO FACILITATE RELATIONS BETWE5 ! GR\PS & COOP]ATION BETWE5 ?OSE :O AGREE ON ! V>I\S 9ITIATIVES4 ,:OEV] WANTS TO IS FREE TO CORRESPOND ) :OMSOEV] HE WI%ES1 OR TO USE ! S]VICES ( O!R COMMITTEES NOM9AT$ BY SPECIAL GR\PS4 

,9 AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION ! 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S CAN EXPRESS ANY OP9ION & USE ANY TACTIC :I* IS NOT 9 CONTRADICTION ) ACCEPT$ PR9CIPLES & :I* DOES NOT H>M ! ACTIVITIES ( O!RS4 ,9 ANY CASE A GIV5 ORGANIZATION LA/S = AS LONG AS ! REASONS = UNION REMA9 GREAT] ?AN ! REASONS = DISS5T4 ,:5 !Y >E NO LONG] SO1 !N ! ORGANIZATION IS DISSOLV$ & MAKES WAY = O!R1 MORE HOMOG5E\S GR\PS4 

,CLE>LY1 ! DURATION1 ! P]MAN5CE ( AN ORGANIZATION DEP5DS ON H[ SUCCESSFUL IT HAS BE5 9 ! LONG /RUGGLE WE MU/ WAGE1 & IT IS NATURAL ?AT ANY 9/ITUTION 9/9CTIVELY SEEKS TO LA/ 9DEF9ITELY4 ,BUT ! DURATION ( A LIB]T>IAN ORGANIZATION MU/ BE ! CONSEQU5CE ( ! SPIRITUAL AFF9ITY ( ITS MEMB]S & ( ! ADAPTABILITY ( ITS CON/ITUTION TO ! CONT9UAL *ANGES ( CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,:5 IT IS NO LONG] ABLE TO ACCOMPLI% A USEFUL TASK IT IS BETT] ?AT IT %\LD DIE4 

,?OSE ,RUSSIAN COMRADES WILL P]HAPS F9D ?AT AN ORGANIZATION LIKE ! ONE ,I PROPOSE & SIMIL> TO ! ONES ?AT HAVE EXI/$1 MORE OR LESS SATISFACTORILY AT V>I\S TIMES1 IS NOT V]Y EFFICI5T4 

,I UND]/&4 ,?OSE COMRADES >E OBSESS$ ) ! SUCCESS ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 !IR C\NTRY &1 LIKE ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 W\LD LIKE TO GA!R ! AN>*I/S TOGE!R 9 A SORT ( DISCIPL9$ >MY :I*1 UND] ! IDEOLOGICAL & PRACTICAL DIRECTION ( A FEW LEAD]S1 W\LD M>* SOLIDLY TO ! ATTACK ( ! EXI/+ REGIMES1 & AFT] HAV+ WON A MAT]IAL VICTORY W\LD DIRECT ! CON/ITUTION ( A NEW SOCIETY4 ,& P]HAPS IT IS TRUE ?AT UND] SU* A SY/EM1 W]E IT POSSIBLE ?AT AN>*I/S W\LD 9VOLVE !MSELVES 9 IT1 & IF ! LEAD]S W]E M5 ( IMAG9ATION1 \R MAT]IAL EFFECTIV5ESS W\LD BE GREAT]4 ,BUT ) :AT RESULTS8 ,W\LD :AT HAPP5$ TO SOCIALISM & COMMUNISM 9 ,RUSSIA NOT HAPP5 TO AN>*ISM8 

,?OSE COMRADES >E ANXI\S = SUCCESS AS WE >E TOO4 ,BUT TO LIVE & TO SUCCE$ WE DON'T HAVE TO REPUDIATE ! REASONS = LIV+ & ALT] ! *>ACT] ( ! VICTORY TO COME4 

,WE WANT TO FI<T & W91 BUT AS AN>*I/S -- = ,AN>*Y4 

,MALATE/A 

,IL ,RISVEGLIO 7,G5EVA71 

,OCTOB] #aibg 

"9 "9 "9 "9 "9 

,NE/OR ,MAKHNO3 ,AB\T ! ',PLAT=M' 7#a#i#b#h7 

,DE> ,COMRADE ,MALATE/A1 

,I HAVE READ Y\R RESPONSE TO ! PROJECT = AN ',ORGANIZATIONAL ,PLAT=M ( A ,G5]AL ,UNION ( ,AN>*I/S'1 A PROJECT PUBLI%$ BY ! GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ABROAD4 

,MY IMPRESSION IS ?AT EI!R Y\ HAVE MISUND]/OOD ! PROJECT = ! ',PLAT=M' OR Y\R REFUSAL TO RECOGNIZE COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY 9 REVOLUTION>Y ACTION & ! DIRECTIONAL FUNCTION ?AT ! AN>*I/ =CES MU/ TAKE UP1 /EMS FROM A DEEP CONVICTION AB\T AN>*ISM ?AT LEADS Y\ TO DISREG>D ?AT PR9CIPLE ( RESPONSIBILITY4 

,YET1 IT IS A FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE1 :I* GUIDES EA* ONE ( US 9 \R WAY ( UND]/&+ ! AN>*I/ IDEA1 9 \R DET]M9ATION ?AT IT %\LD P5ETRATE TO ! MASSES1 9 ITS SPIRIT ( SACRIFICE4 ,IT IS ?ANKS TO ?IS ?AT A MAN CAN *OOSE ! REVOLUTION>Y WAY & IGNORE O!RS4 ,)\T IT NO REVOLUTION>Y C\LD HAVE ! NECESS>Y /R5G? OR WILL OR 9TELLIG5CE TO BE> ! SPECTACLE ( SOCIAL MIS]Y1 & EV5 LESS FI<T AGA9/ IT4 ,IT IS ?R\< ! 9SPIRATION ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY ?AT ! REVOLUTION>IES ( ALL EPO*S & ALL S*OOLS HAVE UNIT$ !IR =CES2 IT IS UPON ?IS ?AT !Y BAS$ !IR HOPE ?AT !IR P>TIAL REVOLTS -- REVOLTS :I* OP5$ ! PA? = ! OPPRESS$ -- W]E NOT 9 VA91 ?AT ! EXPLOIT$ W\LD UND]/& !IR ASPIRATIONS1 W\LD EXTRACT FROM !M ! APPLICATIONS SUITABLE = ! TIME & W\LD USE !M TO F9D NEW PA?S T[>D !IR EMANCIPATION4 

,Y\ Y\RSELF1 DE> ,MALATE/A1 RECOGNIZE ! 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY ( ! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y4 ,& :AT IS MORE1 Y\ HAVE L5T Y\R SUPPORT TO IT ?R\<\T Y\R LIFE AS A MILITANT4 ,AT LEA/ ?AT IS H[ ,I HAVE UND]/OOD Y\R WRIT+S ON AN>*ISM4 ,BUT Y\ D5Y ! NECESSITY & USEFULNESS ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY AS REG>DS ! T5D5CIES & ACTIONS ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T AS A :OLE4 ,COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY AL>MS Y\2 SO Y\ REJECT IT4 

,= MYSELF1 :O HAS ACQUIR$ ! HABIT ( FULLY FAC+ UP TO ! REALITIES ( \R MOVEM5T1 Y\R D5IAL ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY /RIKES ME NOT ONLY AS )\T BASIS BUT DANG]\S = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 9 :I* Y\ W\LD DO WELL TO TAKE ACC\NT ( EXP]I5CE :5 IT COMES TO FI<T+ A DECISIVE BATTLE AGA9/ ALL \R 5EMIES AT ONCE4 ,N[ MY EXP]I5CE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y BATTLES ( ! PA/ LEADS ME TO BELIEVE ?AT NO MATT] :AT ! ORD] ( REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS MAY BE1 ONE NE$S TO GIVE \T S]I\S DIRECTIVES1 BO? IDEOLOGICAL & TACTICAL4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT ONLY A COLLECTIVE SPIRIT1 S\ND & DEVOT$ TO AN>*ISM1 C\LD EXPRESS ! REQUIREM5TS ( ! MOM5T1 ?R\< A COLLECTIVELY RESPONSIBLE WILL4 ,NONE ( US HAS ! RI<T TO DODGE ?AT ELEM5T ( RESPONSIBILITY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IF IT HAS BE5 UNTIL N[ OV]LOOK$ AMONG ! RANKS ( ! AN>*I/S1 IT NE$S N[ TO BECOME1 = US1 COMMUNI/ AN>*I/S1 AN >TICLE ( \R !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL PROGRAM4 

,ONLY ! COLLECTIVE SPIRIT ( ITS MILITANTS & !IR COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY WILL ALL[ MOD]N AN>*ISM TO ELIM9ATE FROM ITS CIRCLES ! IDEA1 HI/ORICALLY FALSE1 ?AT AN>*ISM CANNOT BE A GUIDE -- EI!R IDEOLOGICALLY OR 9 PRACTICE -- = ! MASS ( WORK]S 9 A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD & !RE=E C\LD NOT HAVE OV]ALL RESPONSIBILITY4 

,I WILL NOT1 9 ?IS LETT]1 DWELL ON ! O!R P>TS ( Y\R >TICLE AGA9/ ! ',PLAT=M' PROJECT1 SU* AS ! P>T :]E Y\ SEE 'A *UR* & AN AU?ORITY )\T POLICE'4 ,I WILL EXPRESS ONLY MY SURPRISE TO SEE Y\ USE SU* AN >GUM5T 9 ! C\RSE ( Y\R CRITICISM4 ,I HAVE GIV5 MU* ?\<T TO IT & CANNOT ACCEPT Y\R OP9ION4 

,NO1 Y\ >E NOT RI<T4 ,& BECAUSE ,I AM NOT 9 AGREEM5T ) Y\R CONFUTATION1 US+ >GUM5TS ?AT >E TOO FACILE1 ,I BELIEVE ,I AM 5TITL$ TO ASK Y\3 

,%\LD AN>*ISM TAKE SOME RESPONSIBILITY 9 ! /RUGGLE ( ! WORK]S AGA9/ !IR OPPRESSORS1 CAPITALISM1 & ITS S]VANT ! ,/ATE8 ,IF NOT1 CAN Y\ SAY :Y8 ,IF YES1 MU/ ! AN>*I/S WORK T[>DS ALL[+ !IR MOVEM5T TO EX]T 9FLU5CE ON ! SAME BASIS AS ! EXI/+ SOCIAL ORD]8 

,CAN AN>*ISM1 9 ! /ATE ( DISORGANIZATION 9 :I* IT F9DS ITSELF AT ! MOM5T1 EX]T ANY 9FLU5CE1 IDEOLOGICAL & PRACTICAL1 ON SOCIAL AFFAIRS & ! /RUGGLE ( ! WORK+ CLASS8 

,:AT >E ! MEANS ?AT AN>*ISM %\LD ADOPT \TSIDE ! REVOLUTION & :AT >E ! MEANS ( :I* IT CAN DISPOSE TO PROVE & AFFIRM ITS CON/RUCTIVE CONCEPTS8 

,DOES AN>*ISM NE$ ITS [N P]MAN5T ORGANIZATIONS1 CLOSELY TI$ AMONG !MSELVES BY UNITY ( GOAL & ACTION TO ATTA9 ITS 5DS8 

,:AT DO ! AN>*I/S MEAN BY 9/ITUTIONS TO BE E/ABLI%$ ) A VIEW TO GU>ANTEE+ ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETY8 

,CAN AN>*ISM1 9 ! COMMUNI/ SOCIETY IT CONCEIVES1 DO )\T SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS8 ,IF YES1 BY :AT MEANS8 ,IF NO1 :I* %\LD IT RECOGNIZE & USE & ) :AT NAMES BR+ !M 9TO BE+8 ,%\LD ! AN>*I/S TAKE ON A LEAD+ FUNCTION1 !RE=E ONE ( RESPONSIBILITY1 OR %\LD !Y LIMIT !MSELVES TO BE+ IRRESPONSIBLE AUXILI>IES8 

,Y\R REPLY1 DE> ,MALATE/A1 W\LD BE ( GREAT IMPORTANCE TO ME = TWO REASONS4 ,IT W\LD ALL[ ME BETT] TO UND]/& Y\R WAY ( SEE+ ?+S AS REG>DS ! QUE/IONS ( ORGANIZ+ ! AN>*I/ =CES & ! MOVEM5T 9 G5]AL4 ,& -- LET US BE FRANK -- Y\R OP9ION IS IMM$IATELY ACCEPT$ BY MO/ AN>*I/S & SYMPA?IZ]S )\T ANY DISCUSSION1 AS ?AT ( AN EXP]I5C$ MILITANT :O HAS REMA9$ ALL HIS LIFE FIRMLY FAI?FUL TO HIS LIB]T>IAN IDEAL4 ,IT !RE=E DEP5DS TO A C]TA9 EXT5T ON Y\R ATTITUDE :E!R A FULL /UDY ( ! URG5T QUE/IONS :I* ?IS EPO* POSES TO \R MOVEM5T WILL BE UND]TAK51 & !RE=E :E!R ITS DEVELOPM5T WILL BE SL[$ D[N OR TAKE A NEW LEAP =W>D4 ,BY REMA9+ 9 ! /AGNATION ( ! PA/ & PRES5T \R MOVEM5T WILL GA9 NO?+4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS VITAL ?AT 9 VIEW ( ! EV5TS ?AT LOOM BE=E US IT %\LD HAVE EV]Y *ANCE TO C>RY \T ITS FUNCTIONS4 

,I SET GREAT /ORE BY Y\R REPLY4 

#aibh 

) REVOLUTION>Y GREET+S 

,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

"9 "9 "9 "9 "9 

,]RICO ,MALATE/A3 ,9 REPLY TO ,AB\T ! ,PLAT=M 7#a#i#b#i7 

,DE> ,COMRADE 

,I HAVE F9ALLY SE5 ! LETT] Y\ S5T ME MORE ?AN A YE> AGO1 AB\T MY CRITICISM ( ! ,PROJECT = ORGANIZ+ A ,G5]AL ,UNION ( AN>*I/S1 PUBLI%$ BY A GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ABROAD & KN[N 9 \R MOVEM5T BY ! NAME ( ',PLAT=M'4 

,KN[+ MY SITUATION AS Y\ DO1 Y\ WILL C]TA9LY HAVE UND]/OOD :Y ,I DID NOT REPLY4 

,I CANNOT TAKE P>T AS ,I W\LD LIKE 9 DISCUSSION ( ! QUE/IONS :I* 9T]E/ US MO/1 BECAUSE C5SOR%IP PREV5TS ME FROM RECEIV+ EI!R ! PUBLICATIONS ?AT >E CONSID]$ SUBV]SIVE OR ! LETT]S :I* DEAL ) POLITICAL & SOCIAL TOPICS1 & ONLY AFT] LONG 9T]VALS & BY =TUNATE *ANCE DO ,I HE> ! DY+ E*O ( :AT ! COMRADES SAY & DO4 ,?US1 ,I KNEW ?AT ! ',PLAT=M' & MY CRITICISM ( IT HAD BE5 WIDELY DISCUSS$1 BUT ,I KNEW LITTLE OR NO?+ AB\T :AT HAD BE5 SAID2 & Y\R LETT] IS ! FIR/ WRITT5 DOCUM5T ON ! SUBJECT ?AT ,I HAVE MANAG$ TO SEE4 

,IF WE C\LD CORRESPOND FREELY1 ,I W\LD ASK Y\1 BE=E 5T]+ 9TO ! DISCUSSION1 TO CL>IFY Y\R VIEWS :I*1 P]HAPS [+ TO AN IMP]FECT TRANSLATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN 9TO ,FR5*1 SEEM TO ME TO BE 9 P>T SOME:AT OBSCURE4 ,BUT ?+S BE+ AS !Y >E1 ,I WILL REPLY TO :AT ,I HAVE UND]/OOD1 & HOPE ?AT ,I %ALL !N BE ABLE TO SEE Y\R RESPONSE4 

,Y\ >E SURPRIS$ ?AT ,I DO NOT ACCEPT ! PR9CIPLE ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 :I* Y\ BELIEVE TO BE A FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE ?AT GUIDES1 & MU/ GUIDE ! REVOLUTION>IES ( ! PA/1 PRES5T & FUTURE4 

,= MY P>T1 ,I WOND] :AT ?AT NOTION ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY CAN EV] MEAN FROM ! LIPS ( AN AN>*I/4 

,I KN[ ?AT ! MILIT>Y >E 9 ! HABIT ( DECIMAT+ CORPS ( REBELLI\S SOLDI]S OR SOLDI]S :O HAVE BEHAV$ BADLY 9 ! FACE ( ! 5EMY BY %OOT+ AT !M 9DISCRIM9ATELY4 ,I KN[ ?AT ! >MY *IEFS HAVE NO SCRUPLES AB\T DE/ROY+ VILLAGES OR CITIES & MASSACR+ AN 5TIRE POPULATION1 9CLUD+ *ILDR51 BECAUSE SOMEONE ATTEMPT$ TO PUT UP A RESI/ANCE TO 9VASION4 ,I KN[ ?AT ?R\<\T ! AGES GOV]NM5TS HAVE 9 V>I\S WAYS ?REAT5$ ) & APPLI$ ! SY/EM ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY TO PUT A BRAKE ON ! REBELS1 DEM& TAXES1 ETC4 ,& ,I UND]/& ?AT ?IS C\LD BE AN EFFECTIVE MEANS ( 9TIMIDATION & OPPRESSION4 

,BUT H[ CAN PEOPLE :O FI<T = LIB]TY & JU/ICE TALK ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY :5 !Y CAN ONLY BE CONC]N$ ) MORAL RESPONSIBILITY1 :E!R OR NOT MAT]IAL SANCTIONS FOLL[8666 

,IF1 = EXAMPLE1 9 A CONFLICT ) AN >M$ 5EMY =CE ! MAN BESIDE ME ACTS AS A C[>D1 HE MAY DO H>M TO ME & TO EV]YONE1 BUT ! %AME CAN ONLY BE HIS = LACK+ ! C\RAGE TO SU/A9 ! ROLE HE TOOK UPON HIMSELF4 ,IF 9 A CONSPIRACY A COCONSPIRATOR BETRAYS & S5DS HIS COMPANIONS TO PRISON1 >E ! BETRAY$ ! ONES RESPONSIBLE = ! BETRAYAL8 

,! ',PLAT=M' SAID3 ',! :OLE ,UNION IS RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( EV]Y MEMB] & EA* MEMB] WILL BE RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( ! ,UNION4' 

,CAN ?IS BE RECONCIL$ ) ! PR9CIPLES ( AUTONOMY & FREE 9ITIATIVE :I* ! AN>*I/S PR(ESS8 ,I ANSW]$ !N3 ',IF ! ,UNION IS RESPONSIBLE = :AT EA* MEMB] DOES1 H[ CAN IT LEAVE TO ITS 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & TO ! V>I\S GR\PS ! FRE$OM TO APPLY ! COMMON PROGRAM 9 ! WAY !Y SEE FIT8 ,H[ CAN IT BE RESPONSIBLE = AN ACTION IF IT DOES NOT HAVE ! MEANS TO PREV5T IT8 ,?US1 ! ,UNION & ?R\< IT ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE1 W\LD NE$ TO MONITOR ! ACTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & ORD] !M :AT TO DO & :AT NOT TO DO2 & S9CE DISAPPROVAL AFT] ! EV5T CANNOT PUT RI<T A PREVI\SLY ACCEPT$ RESPONSIBILITY1 NO-ONE W\LD BE ABLE TO DO ANY?+ BE=E HAV+ OBTA9$ ! GO-AHEAD1 P]MISSION FROM ! COMMITTEE4 ,& !N1 CAN AN 9DIVIDUAL ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY = ! ACTION ( A COLLECTIVITY BE=E KN[+ :AT ! LATT] WILL DO & IF HE CANNOT PREV5T IT DO+ :AT HE DISAPPROVES8' 

,C]TA9LY ,I ACCEPT & SUPPORT ! VIEW ?AT ANYONE :O ASSOCIATES & COOP]ATES ) O!RS = A COMMON PURPOSE MU/ FEEL ! NE$ TO COORD9ATE HIS ACTIONS ) ?OSE ( HIS FELL[ MEMB]S & DO NO?+ ?AT H>MS ! WORK ( O!RS &1 ?US1 ! COMMON CAUSE2 & RESPECT ! AGREEM5TS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE -- EXCEPT :5 WI%+ S9C]ELY TO LEAVE ! ASSOCIATION :5 EM]G+ DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION OR *ANG$ CIRCUM/ANCES OR CONFLICT OV] PREF]R$ ME?ODS MAKE COOP]ATION IMPOSSIBLE OR 9APPROPRIATE4 ,JU/ AS ,I MA9TA9 ?AT ?OSE :O DO NOT FEEL & DO NOT PRACTICE ?AT DUTY %\LD BE ?R[N \T ( ! ASSOCIATION4 

,P]HAPS1 SPEAK+ ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 Y\ MEAN PRECISELY ?AT ACCORD & SOLID>ITY ?AT MU/ EXI/ AMONG ! MEMB]S ( AN ASSOCIATION4 ,& IF ?AT IS SO1 Y\R EXPRESSION AM\NTS1 9 MY VIEW1 TO AN 9CORRECT USE ( LANGUAGE1 BUT BASICALLY IT W\LD ONLY BE AN UNIMPORTANT QUE/ION ( WORD+ & AGREEM5T W\LD SOON BE REA*$4 

,! REALLY IMPORTANT QUE/ION ?AT Y\ RAISE 9 Y\R LETT] CONC]NS ! FUNCTION 7LE ROLE7 ( ! AN>*I/S 9 ! SOCIAL MOVEM5T & ! WAY !Y MEAN TO C>RY IT \T4 ,?IS IS A MATT] ( BASICS1 ( ! RAISON D'ETRE ( AN>*ISM & ONE NE$S TO BE QUITE CLE> AS TO :AT ONE MEANS4 

,Y\ ASK IF ! AN>*I/S %\LD 79 ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T & COMMUNI/IC ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY7 ASSUME A DIRECTIONAL & !RE=E RESPONSIBLE ROLE1 OR LIMIT !MSELVES TO BE+ IRRESPONSIBLE AUXILI>IES4 

,Y\R QUE/ION LEAVES ME P]PLEX$1 BECAUSE IT LACKS PRECISION4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE TO DIRECT ?R\< ADVICE & EXAMPLE1 LEAV+ ! PEOPLE -- PROVID$ ) ! OPPORTUNITIES & MEANS ( SUPPLY+ !IR [N NE$S !MSELVES -- TO ADOPT \R ME?ODS & SOLUTIONS IF !SE >E1 OR SEEM TO BE1 BETT] ?AN ?OSE SUGGE/$ & C>RI$ \T BY O!RS4 ,BUT IT IS ALSO POSSIBLE TO DIRECT BY TAK+ OV] COMM&1 ?AT IS BY BECOM+ A GOV]NM5T & IMPOS+ ONE'S [N IDEAS & 9T]E/S ?R\< POLICE ME?ODS4 

,9 :I* WAY W\LD Y\ WANT TO DIRECT8 

,WE >E AN>*I/S BECAUSE WE BELIEVE ?AT GOV]NM5T 7ANY GOV]NM5T7 IS AN EVIL1 & ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO GA9 LIB]TY1 SOLID>ITY & JU/ICE )\T LIB]TY4 ,WE CANNOT !RE=E ASPIRE TO GOV]NM5T & WE MU/ DO EV]Y?+ POSSIBLE TO PREV5T O!RS -- CLASSES1 P>TIES OR 9DIVIDUALS -- FROM TAK+ P[] & BECOM+ GOV]NM5TS4 

,! RESPONSIBILITY ( ! LEAD]S1 A NOTION BY :I* IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT Y\ WANT TO GU>ANTEE ?AT ! PUBLIC >E PROTECT$ FROM !IR ABUSES & ]RORS1 MEANS NO?+ TO ME4 ,?OSE 9 P[] >E NOT TRULY RESPONSIBLE EXCEPT :5 FAC$ ) A REVOLUTION1 & WE CANNOT MAKE ! REVOLUTION EV]Y DAY1 & G5]ALLY IT IS ONLY MADE AFT] ! GOV]NM5T HAS ALREADY DONE ALL ! EVIL IT CAN4 

,Y\ WILL UND]/& ?AT ,I AM F> FROM ?9K+ ?AT ! AN>*I/S %\LD BE SATISFI$ ) BE+ ! SIMPLE AUXILI>IES ( O!R REVOLUTION>IES :O1 NOT BE+ AN>*I/S1 NATURALLY ASPIRE TO BECOME ! GOV]NM5T4 

,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ,I BELIEVE ?AT WE1 AN>*I/S1 CONV9C$ ( ! VALIDITY ( \R PROGRAM1 MU/ /RIVE TO ACQUIRE OV]:ELM+ 9FLU5CE 9 ORD] TO DRAW ! MOVEM5T T[>DS ! REALIZATION ( \R IDEALS4 ,BUT SU* 9FLU5CE MU/ BE WON BY DO+ MORE & BETT] ?AN O!RS1 & WILL ONLY BE USEFUL IF WON 9 ?AT WAY4 

,TODAY WE MU/ DEEP51 DEVELOP & PROPAGATE \R IDEAS & COORD9ATE \R =CES 9 A COMMON ACTION4 ,WE MU/ ACT )9 ! LABOR MOVEM5T TO PREV5T IT BE+ LIMIT$ TO & CORRUPT$ BY ! EXCLUSIVE PURSUIT ( SMALL IMPROVEM5TS COMPATIBLE ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM2 & WE MU/ ACT 9 SU* A WAY ?AT IT CONTRIBUTES TO PREP>+ = A COMPLETE SOCIAL TRANS=MATION4 ,WE MU/ WORK ) ! UNORGANIZ$1 & P]HAPS UNORGANIZABLE1 MASSES TO AWAK5 ! SPIRIT ( REVOLT & ! DESIRE & HOPE = A FREE & HAPPY LIFE4 ,WE MU/ 9ITIATE & SUPPORT ALL MOVEM5TS ?AT T5D TO WEAK5 ! =CES ( ! ,/ATE & ( CAPITALISM & TO RAISE ! M5TAL LEVEL & MAT]IAL CONDITIONS ( ! WORK]S4 ,WE MU/1 9 %ORT1 PREP>E1 & PREP>E \RSELVES1 MORALLY & MAT]IALLY1 = ! REVOLUTION>Y ACT :I* WILL OP5 ! WAY TO ! FUTURE4 

,& !N1 9 ! REVOLUTION1 WE MU/ TAKE AN 5]GETIC P>T 7IF POSSIBLE BE=E & MORE EFFECTIVELY ?AN ! O!RS7 9 ! ESS5TIAL MAT]IAL /RUGGLE & DRIVE IT TO ! UTMO/ LIMIT 9 DE/ROY+ ALL ! REPRESSIVE =CES ( ! ,/ATE4 ,WE MU/ 5C\RAGE ! WORK]S TO TAKE POSSESSION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 7L&1 M9ES1 FACTORIES & WORK%OPS1 MEANS ( TRANSPORT1 ETC47 & ( /OCKS ( MANUFACTUR$ GOODS2 TO ORGANIZE IMM$IATELY1 ON !IR [N1 AN EQUITABLE DI/RIBUTION ( CONSUM] GOODS1 & AT ! SAME TIME SUPPLY PRODUCTS = TRADE BETWE5 COMMUNES & REGIONS & = ! CONT9UATION & 9T5SIFICATION ( PRODUCTION & ALL S]VICES USEFUL TO ! PUBLIC4 ,WE MU/1 9 ALL WAYS POSSIBLE & ACCORD+ TO LOCAL CIRCUM/ANCES & OPPORTUNITIES1 PROMOTE ACTION BY ! WORK]S' ASSOCIATIONS1 ! COOP]ATIVES1 ! VOLUNT>Y GR\PS -- TO PREV5T ! EM]G5CE ( NEW AU?ORIT>IAN P[]S1 NEW GOV]NM5TS1 OPPOS+ !M ) VIOL5CE IF NECESS>Y1 BUT ABOVE ALL R5D]+ !M USELESS4 ,& :]E WE DO NOT F9D SUFFICI5T CONS5SUS AMONG ! PEOPLE & CANNOT PREV5T ! REE/ABLI%M5T ( ! ,/ATE ) ITS AU?ORIT>IAN 9/ITUTIONS & ITS CO]CIVE BODIES1 WE MU/ REFUSE TO TAKE P>T OR TO RECOGNIZE IT1 REBELL+ AGA9/ ITS IMPOSITIONS & DEM&+ FULL AUTONOMY = \RSELVES & = ALL ! DISSID5T M9ORITIES4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 WE MU/ REMA9 9 AN ACTUAL OR POT5TIAL /ATE ( REBELLION &1 UNABLE TO W9 9 ! PRES5T1 MU/ AT LEA/ PREP>E = ! FUTURE4 

,IS ?IS :AT Y\ TOO MEAN BY ! P>T ! AN>*I/S %\LD TAKE 9 ! PREP>ATION & C>RY+ \T ( ! REVOLUTION8 

,FROM :AT ,I KN[ ( Y\ & Y\R WORK ,I AM 9CL9$ TO BELIEVE ?AT Y\ DO4 

,BUT1 :5 ,I SEE ?AT 9 ! ,UNION ?AT Y\ SUPPORT !RE IS AN ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE TO GIVE IDEOLOGICAL & ORGANIZATIONAL DIRECTION TO ! ASSOCIATION ,I AM ASSAIL$ BY ! D\BT ?AT Y\ W\LD ALSO LIKE TO SEE1 )9 ! G5]AL MOVEM5T1 A C5TRAL BODY ?AT W\LD1 9 AN AU?ORIT>IAN MANN]1 DICTATE ! !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL PROGRAM ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,IF ?IS IS SO WE >E POLES AP>T4 

,Y\R ORGANIZATION1 OR Y\R MANAG]IAL ORGANS1 MAY BE COMPOS$ ( AN>*I/S BUT !Y W\LD ONLY BECOME NO?+ O!R ?AN A GOV]NM5T4 ,BELIEV+1 9 COMPLETELY GOOD FAI?1 ?AT !Y >E NECESS>Y TO ! TRIUMPH ( ! REVOLUTION1 !Y W\LD1 AS A PRIORITY1 MAKE SURE ?AT !Y W]E WELL PLAC$ 5\< & /RONG 5\< TO IMPOSE !IR WILL4 ,!Y W\LD !RE=E CREATE >M$ CORPS = MAT]IAL DEF5SE & A BUREAUCRACY = C>RY+ \T !IR COMM&S & 9 ! PROCESS !Y W\LD P>ALYZE ! POPUL> MOVEM5T & KILL ! REVOLUTION4 

,?AT IS :AT1 ,I BELIEVE1 HAS HAPP5$ TO ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 

,!RE IT IS4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! IMPORTANT ?+ IS NOT ! VICTORY ( \R PLANS1 \R PROJECTS1 \R UTOPIAS1 :I* 9 ANY CASE NE$ ! CONFIRMATION ( EXP]I5CE & CAN BE MODIFI$ BY EXP]I5CE1 DEVELOP$ & ADAPT$ TO ! REAL MORAL & MAT]IAL CONDITIONS ( ! AGE & PLACE4 ,:AT MATT]S MO/ IS ?AT ! PEOPLE4 M5 & WOM5 LOSE ! %EEPLIKE 9/9CTS & HABITS :I* ?\S&S ( YE>S ( SLAV]Y HAVE 9/ILL$ 9 !M1 & LE>N TO ?9K & ACT FREELY4 ,& IT IS TO ?IS GREAT WORK ( MORAL LIB]ATION ?AT ! AN>*I/S MU/ SPECIALLY D$ICATE !MSELVES4 

,I ?ANK Y\ = ! ATT5TION Y\ HAVE GIV5 TO MY LETT] &1 9 ! HOPE ( HE>+ FROM Y\ FUR!R1 S5D Y\ MY CORDIAL GREET+S4 

,RISVEGLIO 7,G5EVA71 ,DECEMB] #aibi 

7,S\RCE3 ,LE ,LIB]TAIRE1 #i ,AUGU/ #a#i#c1 PUBLI%$ ONL9E BY ,NE/OR,MAKHNO49FO1 TRANSLAT$ FROM ! ,FR5* BY ,NE/OR ,MC,NAB47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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