,*APT] #d 
,OCTOB] #aicf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,/U>T ,*RI/IE 

,TEXT 3 

,! OBSESSION ( ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP ) ANTIFASCI/ UNITY /EADILY WID5$ ! GAP BETWE5 !M & ! ASPIRATIONS ( ! MASS ( ! RADICAL WORK+-CLASS MEMB]%IP4 ,! 9T]E/S !Y N[ DEF5D$ W]E ?OSE ( ! B\RGEOISIE & ! PROP]TY-[N+ CLASSES4 ,ON #bc ,OCTOB] A ',PACT ( ,UNITY' WAS SIGN$ BETWE5 ! ,C,N,T1 ,F,A,I1 ! ,U,G,T & ! ,P,S,U,C 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,>TICLE ,TWO ( ?IS AGREEM5T1 RELAT+ TO COLLECTIVIZATION1 /AT$ ?AT AL?\< ! ,C\NCIL SUPPORT$ COLLECTIVIZATION '( EV]Y?+ :I* MAY BE ESS5TIAL 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! W>'1 ! C\NCIL'S UND]/&+ WAS ?AT 0?IS COLLECTIVIZATION W\LD FAIL TO PRODUCE ! DESIR$ RESULTS UNLESS OV]SE5 & OR*E/RAT$ BY A BODY G5U9ELY REPRES5TATIVE ( ! COLLECTIVITY10 9 ?IS 9/ANCE ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,C\NCIL4.<#f#b.>  
  

0,) REG>D TO SMALL 9DU/RY WE DO NOT ADVOCATE COLLECTIVIZATION H]E EXCEPT 9 CASES ( S$ITION BY [N]S OR ( URG5T W> NE$S4 ,:]ESOEV] SMALL 9DU/RY MAY BE COLLECTIVIZ$ ON GR\NDS ( W> NE$S1 ! EXPROPRIAT$ [N]S >E TO BE COMP5SAT$ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO 5SURE !IR LIVELIHOODS1 BY MEANS ( !IR MAK+ A P]SONAL OR PR(ESSIONAL CONTRIBUTION 9 ! COLLECTIVIZ$ SECTOR4 ,9 ! EV5T ( COLLECTIVIZATION ( =EIGN UND]TAK+S1 A COMP5SATION =MULA %ALL BE AGRE$ :I* IS EQUAL TO ! TOTAL CAPITAL ,E ,WE ,E ADVOCATE A S+LE COMM& TO OR*E/RATE ! ACTIONS ( EV]Y COMBAT UNIT1 ! 9TRODUCTION ( A CONSCRIPT MILITIA & ITS CONV]SION 9TO A GREAT PEOPLE'S >MY1 & ! /R5G!N+ ( DISCIPL9E40 .<#f#c.>  
  

,IT WAS ,>TICLE #a#e1 H[EV]1 ! F9AL1 *ILL+ ONE1 :I* %[$ JU/ H[ F> D[N ! ROAD ( BUREAUCRATIC CONS]VATISM ?IS ONCE GREAT LIB]T>IAN ORGANIZATION HAD GONE3  
  

0,WE >E AGRE$ UPON COMMON ACTION TO /AMP \T ! H>MFUL ACTIVITIES ( UNCONTROLLABLE GR\PS :I*1 \T ( LACK ( UND]/&+ OR MALICE1 POSE A ?REAT TO ! IMPLEM5TATION ( ?IS PROGRAM40 .<#f#d.>  

,W>N+ TO ! 'UNCONTROLLABLES' 

  

,ALSO ON ?AT SAME DAY1 #bc ,OCTOB]1 ! AN>*I/ M9I/] 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,JUAN ,PEIRO GAVE ! LEAD]%IP'S ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION1 TOGE!R ) A ?9LY VEIL$ W>N+ TO ! 'UNCONTROLLABLES' ON ,RADIO ,C,N,T-,F,A,I3  
  

0,! W>'S 5D WILL LEAD TO A TRANSITIONAL >RANGEM5T1 & WILL DO SO BECAUSE !RE IS NO O!R MORE RATIONAL1 MORE LOGICAL1 MORE JU/ C\RSE1 BECAUSE \R S5SE ( JU/ICE ON ?IS OCCASION CANNOT BE DISSEV]$ FROM ! /RAI<T & N>R[ PA? ( ! LAW ( REW>DS4 ,IF WE ALL MAKE \R CONTRIBUTION TO SUCCESS 9 ! W>1 !N IT IS ONLY FAIR ?AT WE %\LD ALL %>E 9 ! FRUITS ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,:AT DOES COMPROMISE MATT]1 IF COMPROMISE N[ BE ! ONLY WAY TO TRIUMPH8 ,9 MY [N VIEW1 MY BRO!RS ( ALL ! PEOPLES ( ,IB]IA1 ! TRANSITIONAL >RANGEM5T BE/ SUIT$ TO ! CIRCUM/ANCES BE+ CREAT$ BY ! W> & REVOLUTION1 IS A ,SOCIALI/ ,F$]AL ,REPUBLIC4 ,:AT MATT]S1 & :AT PRES5TLY TAKES PRIORITY OV] EV]Y?+ ELSE1 IS ?AT WE & O!RS >E CAPABLE ( COMPROMISE ON A BASIS ( MUTUAL UND]/&+4 ,! WORK ( COLLECTIVIZATION :I* HAS BE5 9ITIAT$ WILL BE ABLE TO PROCE$1 ?\< A PORTION ( IT WILL HAVE TO BE REVIEW$ & AM5D$ 9S(> AS IT IS NOT CONSONANT ) ANY COLLECTIVI/ PRECEPT NOR PR9CIPLE ( SOCIALIZATION4 ,WOE TO ?OSE :O MAY ATTEMPT TO OV]COME IT BY VIOL5CE1 = !IRS WILL BE ! IMMEASURABLE RESPONSIBILITY = HAV+ ABORT$ EV]Y?+4 ,& ! TRIUMPH ( ! PEOPLE 9 ?IS CRIM9AL W>1 ?IS W> 9 :I* ! PEOPLE SQU&]S ITS BLOOD 9 TORR5TS ?AT NOBODY1 NO MATT] H[ SUBLIME HIS 9T5TIONS MAY BE1 MAY FRU/RATE4 ,NO MATT] H[ GREAT MAY BE ! LACK ( P]CEPTION ( ! POT5TIAL ( ?IS UNIQUE H\R 9 \R HI/ORY1 & NO MATT] H[ GREAT MAY BE ! 7TO SOME EXT5T1 NATURAL7 LACK ( UND]/&+ 9 ! PROLET>IAN MULTITUDES1 ,I DO NOT ACCEPT ?AT ANY?+ OR ANYBODY HAS ! RI<T TO SUCCUMB TO ! LUNACY ( EAS+ FASCISM'S TRIUMPH1 :I* IS SYNONYM\S ) HUMILIATION1 9DIGNITY1 SLAV]Y & DEA?40 .<#f#e.>  
  

,! FOLL[+ DAY1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ONE ( ! 'UNCONTROLLABLE' AN>*I/ MILITANTS :O HAD BE5 W>N+ AGA9/ APPLY+ ! BRAKES TO ! REVOLUTION1 W>N$3  
  

0,LET US REMEMB] ?AT %\LD ANY C5TRALIZ+ ORGAN COME 9TO EXI/5CE1 ! CREATIVE OPPORTUNITIES ?AT HAVE CO/ SO MU* BLOOD & = :I* SO MU* BLOOD HAS YET TO BE %$1 WILL L>GELY BE LO/ TO US40 .<#f#f.>  

,! ,C\NCIL ( ,>AGON 

  

,TO PROTECT ! H>D-WON L& ( ! RURAL COMMUNITIES & ! NEW SOCIETY ! PEOPLE ( ,>AGON W]E BUILD+1 ! REGIONAL COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T1 ACT+ 9 CONC]T ) ,DURRUTI & HIS COLUMN1 ORGANIZ$ AN ASSEMBLY ( MILITIA1 VILLAGE1 & TRADE UNION REPRES5TATIVES FROM ,RIOJA & ,NAV>RE1 :I* WAS HELD 9 ,BUJ>ALOZ ON #f ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f4 ,FRANCISCO ,MUNOZ1 ! REGIONAL SECRET>Y ( ! ,>AGONESE ,C,N,T1 \TL9$ PROPOSALS = ! =MATION ( A SPECIAL REGIONAL COMMITTEE :I* W\LD 5SURE ?AT ! ,>AGONESE REGION WAS READY & ABLE 0TO ORGANIZE ITSELF 9 ?IS REVOLUTION>Y H\R & REE/ABLI% ITS P]SONALITY AMONG ! O!R ,IB]IAN PEOPLES1 9 PREP>ATION = ! GREAT F$]ATION ( ! FUTURE40.<#f#g.> 

,9 SPITE ( OPPOSITION FROM ! TWO ,CATALAN MILITIA LEAD]S1 ,GREGORIO ,JOV] & ,ANTONIO ,ORTIZ1 ! ,>AGONESE DELEGATES AT ! ,BUJ>ALOZ ASSEMBLY1 5C\RAG$ BY ,DURRUTI1 SUPPORT$ ! PROPOSALS & ! ,REGIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL ( ,>AGON WAS BORN ) ! SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE ( IMPLEM5T+ LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM4 ,! MEET+ ALSO DECID$ TO PRESS = ! SETT+ UP ( A ,NATIONAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE :I* W\LD L9K TOGE!R A S]IES ( REGIONAL BODIES ?AT W]E ORGANIZ$ ON PR9CIPLES SIMIL> TO ! ONE N[ E/ABLI%$ 9 ,>AGON4.<#f#h.> 

,CES> ,LOR5ZO1 ! ,C,N,T HI/ORIAN1 HAS UND]L9$ ! REVOLUTION>Y NATURE ( ?IS DECISION BY ! ,>AGONESE 9 COMP>ISON ) ! COLLABORATIONI/ ROLE ( ! ,C,N,T'S ,CATALAN ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE3  
  

0,?AT :I* ! ,CATALAN LIB]T>IANS DID NOT D>E DO1 ?AT IS TO SAY TAKE ALL ! P[]1 WAS ATTEMPT$ BY ! ,>AGONESE LIB]T>IANS1 DESPITE ! W> ?AT RAVAG$ ! C\NTRYSIDE1 DESPITE ! CONT9UAL PRES5CE ( IMPORTANT CONT+5CIES ( ! ,P,\,M1 ! ,P,S,U,C & ,CATALAN =CES1 DESPITE REP]CUSSIONS ABROAD1 DESPITE ! ,MADRID GOV]NM5T1 &1 F9ALLY1 DESPITE ! ,C,N,T ITSELF40 .<#f#i.>  
  

,! =MATION ( ! ,REGIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL WAS AN AFFIRMATION ( COMMITM5T TO ! PR9CIPLES ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM4 ,?IS PR9CIPL$ /& = REVOLUTION>Y SOCIAL & ECONOMIC *ANGE BR\<T ! NEWLY =M$ ,C\NCIL 9TO DIRECT CONFLICT NOT JU/ ) ! ,CATALAN ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T1 BUT ALSO ) ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T1 :I* WAS BY N[ WORK+ 9 CLOSE COLLABORATION ) ! B\RGEOIS & ,M>XI/ POLITICAL P>TIES & ! /ATE APP>ATUS4 ,M>IANO ,R4 ,VAZQUEZ1 SECRET>Y FIR/ ( ! ,CATALAN ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE & !N LAT] ( ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 HAD FIR/ MADE HIS OPPOSITION TO ! ,REGIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL CLE> DUR+ AN 9T]-REGIONAL MEET+ 9 ,CASPE AT ! 5D ( ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#f4 

,>AGON ISOLAT$ 

  

,! OLIG>*ISATION & HO/ILITY ( ! NATIONAL LEAD]%IP ( ! ,C,N,T LEFT ! MILITANTS ( ,>AGON ISOLAT$4 ,!IR ,REGIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL WAS FAC$ ) ! PROBLEM ( ATTEMPT+ TO RETA9 ITS LIB]T>IAN *>ACT]1 RELATE TO ! POLITICAL & GEOGRAPHIC CIRCUM/ANCES 9 ,>AGON & AT ! SAME TIME WORK ) ! O!R ELEM5TS ( REPUBLICAN ,SPA94 ,! ,C\NCIL DECID$ TO S5D A DELEGATION TO ,B>CELONA & ,MADRID TO DISCUSS !IR RELATION%IP ) ! ,G5]ALIDAD & ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T 9 ,MADRID4 ,! DELEGATION WAS L$ BY TWO AN>*I/S1 NAMELY ,JOAQU9 ,ASCASO1 ! ,C\NCIL PRESID5T1 & ,MIGUEL ,*UECA1 ! ,C,N,T REGIONAL COMMITTEE REPRES5TATIVE1 & TWO REPUBLICANS4 

,ROLL+ BACK ! REVOLUTION 

  

,MEAN:ILE ,COMPANYS1 ! ,CATALAN PRESID5T1 HAD HAD ?REE MON?S TO REBUILD HIS P[] BASE1 & TO CONTA9 & BEG9 ! PROCESS ( ROLL+ BACK ! REVOLUTION4 ,GONE WAS ! DEF]5CE & GRATITUDE TO ! AN>*I/ SAVIORS ( #b ,JULY4 ,HE WAS UNDISGUIS$LY HO/ILE TO ! ,>AGONESE1 & DESCRIB$ ! PROPOS$ AUTONOM\S ,C\NCIL ( ,>AGON AS AN ABSURDITY :I* W\LD S]I\SLY DAMAGE ! C\NTRY'S 9T]NATIONAL IMAGE4.<#g.> ,! REPRES5TATIVES !N MOV$ ON TO ,MADRID 9 E>LY ,NOVEMB]1 :]E !Y RECEIV$ A MORE FAVORABLE RECEPTION FROM ! NEW SOCIALI/ PREMI]1 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O1 :O AGRE$ TO RECOGNIZE ! ,C\NCIL PROVID$ ! SPECIFICALLY ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP WAS DROPP$ & O!R P>TIES REPRES5T$4 ,CABALL]O'S POSITIVE RESPONSE HAD1 NO D\BT1 MU* TO DO ) BR++ ! AUTONOM\S BODY UND] ,MADRID'S CONTROL1 & ALSO ! MILIT>Y SITUATION AT ! TIME4 ,! FALL ( ! CAPITAL APPE>$ IMM95T1 & BO? ,CABALL]O & ,MANUEL ,AZANA1 ! PRESID5T ( ! REPUBLIC1 W]E DESP]ATELY TRY+ TO 5TICE ! ,C,N,T 9TO ! NEW GOV]NM5T4 

,B]N]I'S /RATEGY 

  

,?AT SAME DAY1 #bd ,OCTOB]1 ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ WRIT] ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I (F]$ CON/RUCTIVE SUGGE/IONS 9 HIS PAP] ,GU]RA DI ,CLASE AS TO H[ ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T C\LD PURSUE A REVOLUTION>Y /RATEGY & FI<T ! W> AT ! SAME TIME4 ,BY BREAK+ (F DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS ) ,PORTUGAL1 ,ITALY & ,G]MANY1 ! ,SPANI% ,REPUBLIC W\LD =CE ! ,ALLIES TO ADOPT A MORE RESOLUTE POSITION4 ,FOM5T+ REVOLUTION 9 ! OP]ATIONAL BASE ( ! 9SURG5T >MY1 ,MOROCCO1 W\LD S]I\SLY WEAK5 ! 5EMY4 ,O!R SUGGE/IONS 9CLUD$ TAK+ /RONG] MEASURES AGA9/ ! FASCI/ RE>GU>D1 & ! RECON/RUCTION ( ! ,SPANI% DIPLOMATIC CORPS UND] ! ORD]S ( A ,NATIONAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE4.<#g#a.> 

,B]N]I'S UNREL5T+ COMMITM5T TO ! AN>*I/ IDEAL SOON BR\<T HIM 9TO OP5 CONFLICT ) ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I LEAD]%IP4 ,ON #e ,NOVEMB]1 ! DAY AFT] ! ,C,N,T JO9$ ! ,CABALL]O GOV]NM5T1 HE W>N$ HIS COMRADES ?R\< ! COLUMNS ( ,GU]RA DI ,CLASE3  
  

0,MADRID IS NOT CONT5T JU/ TO REIGN2 IT WANTS TO GOV]N AS WELL4 ,AS A :OLE1 ! ,SPANI% GOV]NM5T IS JU/ AS HO/ILE TO ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION AS TO MON>*I/ & CL]ICAL FASCISM4 ,MADRID DESIR$ A 'RETURN TO LEGALITY' & NO?+ ELSE4 ,>M+ ,CATALONIA1 F9ANC+ ,CATALONIA1 ?AT SIGNIFIES TO ,MADRID >M+ ! COLUMNS ?AT C>RY ! REVOLUTION ON ! PO9TS ( !IR BAYONETS & SUPPLY+ ! NEW EGALIT>IAN ECONOMIC ORD]4 ,WE MU/1 !RE=E1 ADDRESS+ \RSELVES TO ! GOV]NM5T 9 ,MADRID1 GIVE IT ! *OICE BETWE5 DEFEAT 9 ! W> & ! REVOLUTION & VICTORY40  
  

,HE ALSO URG$ ! AN>*I/ PRESS TO CURE ITSELF ( ITS 9TOXICATION BY ! UN=TUNATE SPIRIT ( 'HOLY UNION'1 :I* 0HAS 5D$ UP BY R$UC+ POLITICAL CRITICISM TO AN IMP]CEPTIBLE M9IMUM4 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 BY PRAIS+ ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T ( ! ,U,S,S,R1 ALBEIT 9 P>5!SIS1 REA*$ ! HEI<TS ( POLITICAL NAIVETY40 

,B]N]I 5D$ HIS PUBLIC CRITICISM3  
  

0,TO RECONCILE ! 'NECESSITIES ( W>'1 ! 'WILL' ( ! REVOLUTION & ! 'ASPIRATIONS' ( AN>*ISM3 !RE LIES ! PROBLEM4 ,?IS PROBLEM MU/ BE RESOLV$4 ,ON IT DEP5D ! MILIT>Y VICTORY AGA9/ FASCISM1 ! CREATION ( A NEW ECONOMY1 ! SOCIAL DELIV]ANCE ( ,SPA9 & ! EVALUATION ( ! AN>*I/S' BELIEFS & ACTIONS4 ,?REE GREAT ?+S :I* M]IT EV]Y SACRIFICE & IMPOSE ON EA* ! DUTY TO HAVE ! C\RAGE TO /ATE HIS [N BELIEFS 9 !IR 5TIRETY034.<#g#b.>  

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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