,A ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,DRAFT ,PROGRAM ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK #aiia ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 ,AU?OR 3 ,JANET ,BIEHL ,TAGS 3 PR9CIPLES ( ! LEFT GRE5 NETWORK1 CAPITALISM ) A HUMAN FACE1 )9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 REAGAN & BU% ADM9I/RATIONS1 LEFT GRE5 NETWORK PROGRAM1 PREAMBLE ( ! IWW1 E?NIC M9ORITIES & WOM51 LEFT GRE5 NETWORK1 LEFT GRE5 PROGRAM1 DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONS4 ,TEXT 3 ,?IS >TICLE APPE>S 9 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES ) ! P]MISSION ( ! AU?OR4 ,G,R,E,5 ,P,],S,P,E,C,T,I,V,E,S ,PRICE3@s#a4 ,A ,L,E,F,T ,G,R,E,5 ,P,U,B,L,I,C,A,T,I,O,N ,NUMB] #bc ,JUNE #aiia ,P4,O4 ,BOX #aaa ,BURL+TON1 ,V,T #$b ,A ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,DRAFT ,PROGRAM ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK BY ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 & ,JANET ,BIEHL ,$ITORS NOTE3 ,! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK IS 9 ! PROCESS ( WRIT+1 DEVELOP+ & DEBAT+ ITS PROGRAM4 ,! DRAFT PROPOSAL = ! PROGRAM WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ! ,APRIL_/,MAY #aiia ISSUE ( ! ,NETWORK'S ORGANIZ+ BULLET91 ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NOTES1 NUMB] #g4 ,! FOLL[+ CRITIQUE WAS WRITT5 9 RESPONSE TO ?AT PROGRAM4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM WILL BE DEBAT$ AT ! UPCOM+ CONT95TAL CONF]5CE ( ! ,NETWORK1 OV] ! ,JULY #d WEEK5D 9 ,*ICAGO1 ,ILL9OIS4 ,TO RECEIVE A COPY ( ! DRAFT PROGRAM1 &_/OR 9=MATION AB\T ! CONT95TAL CONF]5CE1 PLEASE WRITE TO ! ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY ,PROJECT AT ! MAS!AD ADDRESS1 OR TO ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK1 ,P4,O4 ,BOX #e#e#f#f1 ,BURL+TON1 ,V]MONT #e#d#b4 ,PHOTO BY DUNCAN C1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! PROPOS$ ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK PROGRAM1 AS IT WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NOTES1 IS V]Y MU* AT ODDS ) ITSELF4 ,LACK+ COH]5CE1 IT MIXES HI<-M9D$ REVOLUTION>Y RHETORIC ) PRAGMATIC1 (T5 BLATANT =MS ( SOCIAL 5G9E]+1 LEAV+ ! ?9K+ READ] CONFUS$ AS TO ITS ESS5TIAL 9T5TIONS & GOALS4 ,! 0/RATEGY0 SECTION ( ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM1 = EXAMPLE1 /ATES ?AT ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK 0REFUS. TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = ! IMPOSSIBLE TASK ( MAK+ AN IRRATIONAL SY/EM RATIONAL10 A =MULATION ) :I* WE C]TA9LY AGREE1 HAV+ EMPHASIZ$ IT 9 \R [N /ATEM5TS4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM ALSO DEF9ES ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK AS A 0FUNDAM5TAL OPPOSITION0 & DEF9ES ,LEFT ,GRE5S AS SOCIAL ECOLOGI/S4 ,SPL5DID6 ,?IS IS V]Y MU* TO ! GOOD4 ,! SAME IS TRUE = ! BRIEF EXPLANATION ( LIB]T>IAN MUNICIPALISM & SIMIL> BROAD VIEWS4 ,BUT (T5 QUITE SUDD5LY ! READ] !N 5C\NT]S CONCRETE DEM&S = 0RECON/RUCTION0 ?AT >E LITTLE MORE ?AN LIB]AL 9 *>ACT]4 ,9 SOME ( ITS MO/ F>-REA*+ SECTIONS1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM PRES5TS ,LEFT ,GRE5S AS FUNDAM5TALLY ANTIHI]>*ICAL & ANTI/ATI/1 YET IRONICALLY1 MANY ( ITS PLANKS PRESUPPOSE ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! NATION-/ATE ?AT IT IS COMMITT$ TO ABOLI%+4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM PRES5TS ,LEFT ,GRE5S AS ANTICAPITALI/1 BUT SOME ( ITS KEY DEM&S CAN EASILY BE SATISFI$ )9 ! V]Y CAPITALI/IC SY/EM IT SO =CEFULLY OPPOSES4 ,9 :AT FOLL[S1 WE %ALL S+LE \T SOME ( ! MORE IMPORTANT - AT TIMES1 EV5 ABSURD - ]RORS ?AT WE BELIEVE ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD C>EFULLY CONSID] 9 ALT]+ ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM OR 9 DEVELOP+ A NEW ONE4 ,9TEGRATE ! ,HI]>*Y8 0,! V>I\S =MS ( HI]>*Y & DOM9ATION ?AT P]MEATE \R SOCIETY10 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM READS1 0>E 9TEGRAT$ BY TWO OV]>*+ 9/ITUTIONS TODAY3 ! CAPITALI/ ECONOMY & ! NATION-/ATE ,IF WE >E TO HAVE AN ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY1 CAPITALISM & ! NATION-/ATE MU/ BE UPROOT$ & REPLAC$ BY NEW DEC5TRALIZ$ =MS ( GRASSROOTS POLITICAL & ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY40 ,SO F>1 SO GOOD4 ,& ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM COMM5DABLY MAKES AN ATTEMPT TO DEF9E %ORT-T]M GOALS 7M9IMUM PROGRAM7 & LONG-T]M GOALS 7MAXIMUM PROGRAM74 ,BUT UN=TUNATELY1 !SE TWO TYPES ( GOALS BECOME CONVOLUT$ 9 ! TEXT SO ?AT !Y >E (T5 NOT CLE>LY DI/+UI%$ FROM EA* O!R & SOMETIMES 9T]LACE ) EA* O!R SOME:AT C>ELESSLY4 ,MANY ( ! M9IMUM DEM&S1 9 FACT1 CONTRADICT ! MAXIMUM PROGRAM4 ,?US1 AT ! SAME TIME ?AT ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM CALLS = ! DE/RUCTION ( HI]>*Y & ! /ATE ON ! ONE H&1 IT MAKES DEM&S ?AT PRESUPPOSE ! EXI/5CE ( /ATE & HI]>*Y1 ON ! O!R H&4 ,WE READ UND] 0PUBLIC HEAL? S]VICE10 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT 0NATIONAL HEAL? S]VICE BO>DS40 ,P]HAPS ! USE ( ! WORD NATIONAL H]E WAS SIMPLY AN OV]SITICIPATION 9 ! ,U,N IS 0DEMOCRATICALLY0 ORGANIZ$6 ,WE REGRET TO SAY ?AT ?IS =MULATION IS SILLY AS WELL AS CONTRADICTORY4 ,WE FUR!R READ ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT TO EXT5D 0SOV]EIGNTY0 TO NATIVE PEOPLES4 ,AL?\< ! DOCUM5T DOES NOT SAY :AT ! WORD SOV]EIGN MEANS1 ! IMPLICATION IS ! E/ABLI%M5T ( A /ATE ( SOME K9D3 = EXAMPLE1 A SOV]EIGN ,NATIVE ,AM]ICAN /ATE1 \TSIDE ! EXI/+ SOV]EIGN ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 & PRESUMABLY ,CANADA & ,MEXICO4 ,BUT >E ,LEFT ,GRE5S REALLY COMMITT$ TO CREAT+ MORE /ATES 9 ?IS OV]LY NATIONALI/IC WORLD8 ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 WE ?9K1 %\LD SUPPORT CULTURAL AUTONOMY = ,NATIVE ,AM]ICANS AS = O!R GR\PS :O WANT IT1 9 A DEC5TRALIZ$ CONF$]ATION ( ALL PEOPLES4 ,NOBODY %\LD HAVE 0SOV]EIGNTY0 9 ! CONV5TIONAL S5SE ( ! T]M 9 AN ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY1 OR 9 ANY SOCIETY = ?AT MATT]1 EXCEPT HUMAN BE+S 9 FREE1 FACE-TO-FACE DEMOCRATIC ASSEMBLIES4 ,TODAY1 NATIONALISM IS ONE ( ! 0REAL BANES ( \R ]A1 & 9 ! PA/ IT WAS P]HAPS ! MO/ P[]FUL =CE ?AT FRAGM5T$ ! WORK]S0 MOVEM5T 7AS WITNESS ! NATIONAL DIVISIONS )9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL AT ! BEG9N+ ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I74 ,! 09T]NATIONALISM0 ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 NAMELY !IR ABHORR5CE ( ALL NATION-/ATES1 %\LD BE ONE ( !IR !ORETICAL HALLM>KS1 :E!R !Y >E DEAL+ ) A M9IMUM OR MAXIMUM PROGRAM4 ,?IS PO9T CANNOT BE /RESS$ TOO EMPHATICALLY4 ,TO CONT9UE3 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM CALLS = 0G5U9E REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY0 - BUT ONLY A /ATI/ M5TALITY W\LD NOT SEE ?AT 0REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY0 IS AN OXYMORON4 ,HAVE DISCUSSIONS ( ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 DEMOCRACY & REPRES5TATION NOT FILL$ A LIBR>Y ( VOLUMES8 ,/ILL FUR!R1 WE READ ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S ?9K ?AT 0IF A WOMAN IS A MANAG]1 %E %\LD BE CALL$ A MANAG] & PAID ACCORD+LY1 RA!R ?AN CALL$ AN EXECUTIVE SECRET>Y & PAID MU* LESS40 ,REALLY6 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM ?9KS ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT TO CALL WOM5 BY !IR APPROPRIATE RANKS 9 A B\RGEOIS /ATUS HI]>*Y1 LE/ WOM5 NOT GET DUE RECOGNITION ( !IR PLACE 9 IT OR DUE REMUN]ATION4 ,PRESUMABLY1 IF ,LEFT ,GRE5S ACCEPT ?IS DOCUM5T1 IT MEANS ?AT !Y W\LD LIKE !IR HI]>*IES TO BE V]Y CLE>-CUT & PEOPLE 9 DIFF]5T RANKS TO BE PAID ACCORD+ TO !IR HI]>*ICAL /ATUS4 ,COME N[6 ,MU* AS WE BELIEVE ?AT PEOPLE >E DISCRIM9AT$ AGA9/ 9 !IR JOBS1 WE %ALL %[ ?AT ?IS IS NOT A PROBLEM 9TR9SIC TO CAPITALISM AS SU*1 & A GREAT DEAL CAN BE SAID AB\T ! NATURE ( WORK & ITS REMUN]ATION TODAY4 ,H[EV] WELL 9T5D$ ?IS DEM& MAY BE1 AS IT /&S1 IT BASICALLY PRESUPPOSES ! V]Y HI]>*Y ?AT O!R P>TS ( ! DOCUM5T CLAIM ,LEFT ,GRE5S >E TRY+ TO ELIM9ATE4 ,W\LD ,LEFT ,GRE5S ADVOCATE WOM5 G5]ALS1 TOO1 ) EQUAL PAY1 AS AN EMANCIPATORY /EP8 ,OR ?AT WOM5 %\LD ASPIRE = TITUL> & REMUN]ATIVE 0EQUALITY0 9 A MANAG]IAL /ATUS SY/EM8 ,SU* DEM&S REVEAL A TRADITIONALLY ECONOMI/IC BIAS 9 :I* EQUALITY ( PAY BECOMES SO IMPORTANT ?AT IT T5DS TO OV]RIDE ! S]I\S EFFECTS ( HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURES & WAYS ( ?9K+4 ,9 SEEK+ EQUAL PAY = EQUAL WORK1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM UNCONSCI\SLY ABSORBS ! HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURES & TITLES ?AT HAVE ALWAYS BE5 SO OPPRESSIVE 9 HUMAN HI/ORY4 ,FUR!R 9/ANCES ( AN IMPLICIT ACCEPTANCE ( HI]>*Y &_/OR ! /ATE P]MEATE ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM3 ,9DEP5D5T POLITICS IS DEF9$ AS 9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,DEMOCRATIC & ,REPUBLICAN P>TIES4 7,9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,CANADIAN ,N,D,P1 WE ?9K1 %\LD ALSO BE EMPHASIZ$1 AS WELL AS 9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,9/ITUTIONAL ,REVOLUTION>Y P>TY 9 ,MEXICO1 ! REPELL5T CLAIMANT TO ! TRADITIONS ( ! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION47 ,BUT ?IS V]Y N>R[ DEF9ITION ( ! T]M 9DEP5D5T POLITICS IMPLIES ?AT A ?IRD P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES MITIES4 0,9DEP5D5T POLITICS0 ( ?IS K9D C\LD GIVE ,LEFT ,GRE5S C>TE BLAN*E TO RUN = /ATEWIDE1 PROV9CIAL1 & NATIONAL (FICE4 ,WE W\LD LIKE TO ?9K ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S >E TRY+ TO E/ABLI% AN 9DEP5D5T MOVEM5T1 ONE ?AT HAS NO P>ALLEL OR EQUAL ON ! PRES5T POLITICAL HORIZON4 ,! ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 WE W\LD LIKE TO ?9K1 >E TRY+ TO REFLECT AN 5TIRELY NEW \TLOOK T[>D POLITICS1 FRE$OM1 & ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS - 9DE$1 A NEW \TLOOK T[>D ! NATURAL WORLD ITSELF - NOT SIMPLY A COLLECTION ( PROGRAMMATIC PLANKS ?AT CAN BE MAT*$ UP )1 CONTRA/$ )1 OR MELD$ ) ?OSE ( O!R P>TIES & MOVEM5TS4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! T]M 9DEP5D5T POLITICS %\LD BE DEF9$ MORE BROADLY TO 9CLUDE A 0NEW POLITICS0 & A COMMITM5T TO FREE CITIZ5S1 9DEP5D5T ( ! NATION-/ATE & ITS 9/ITUTIONS1 AS WELL AS 9DEP5D5T ( ALL P>TIES4 ,WE FUR!R READ ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT TO 0DISMANTLE ! NATIONAL SECURITY /ATE APP>ATUS40 ,BUT IF ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT TO DISMANTLE ! /ATE1 ( :I* ?IS APP>ATUS IS A MAJOR P>T1 :Y S+LE \T ! 0NATURAL SECURITY /ATE APP>ATUS10 AS IF IT HAD A LIFE AP>T FROM ! /ATE8 ,EI!R ?IS PASSAGE IS R$UNDANT1 OR IT IMPLIES ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S W\LD TOL]ATE ! EXI/5CE ( O!R P>TS ( ! /ATE1 SU* AS ITS VA/ BUREAUCRACIES1 ITS JUDICIAL1 LEGISLATIVE1 & EXECUTIVE 9/ITUTIONS1 & ! LIKE4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! DEM& TO 0CUT ! ,P5TAGON BUDGET BY #ie P]C5T0 IMPLIES ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S >E PREP>$ TO ACCEPT AT LEA/ ! EXI/5CE ( A ,P5TAGON1 ALBEIT ONE ?AT IS R$UC$ 9 SIZE4 ,GIV5 ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 WORLDVIEW1 ONE MAY REASONABLY ASK1 :Y DO WE NE$ ANY 9/ITUTION LIKE ! ,P5TAGON1 EV5 ONE ) #e P]C5T ( ! BUDGET OR LESS8 ,?IS DEM& BECOMES ESPECIALLY SILLY :5 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM CALLS = A 0CIVILIAN DEF5SE SY/EM 4 4 4 EV5TUALLY 767 AS A SUB/ITUTE = MILIT>Y DEF5SE40 ,EV5 ! ,SECOND ,9T]NATIONAL'S #aih PROGRAM DID BETT] ?AN ?IS :5 IT CALL$ = ! REPLACEM5T ( >MIES BY MILITIAS4 ,?AT ! 0CIVILIAN DEF5SE SY/EM01 IS TO BE 0NONVIOL5T10 ALAS1 ELIM9ATES ! LEGITIMACY ( CITIZ5S' MILITIAS >M$ 9 DEF5SE ( !IR FRE$OMS4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM IS RIDDL$ ) SU* AMBIGUITIES & H$G+S1 BUT !Y >E MO/ EVID5T 9 ITS SECTIONS ON ECONOMICS4 ,H]E AGA91 MANY ( ! DEM&S PRESUPPOSE ! EXI/5CE ( ! NATION-/ATE1 ALBEIT )\T SAY+ SO4 ,! 0,ECONOMIC ,RECON/RUCTION0 SECTION1 = EXAMPLE1 CALLS = A GU>ANTE$ RIANTE$ ANNUAL 9COME AT #abe P]C5T ( ! POV]TY L9E 7AN OLD LIB]AL BROMIDE ?AT DATES BACK AT LEA/ TO ! #a#i#eS72 PROGRESSIVE TAXATION 7AS 9 ,SW$51 P]HAPS872 V>IABLE TAXATION 7BY :OM87 ( AUTOMAT$ PRODUCTION2 A @s#a P] H\R M9IMUM WAGE 7M>VEL\S - & C]TA9LY QUITE POSSIBLE UND] CAPITALISM1 9ASMU* AS SU* A M9IMUM WAGE W\LD /ILL BE 9ADEQUATE = MANY FAMILIES72 A ?IRTY-H\R WORK WEEK ) NO LOSS 9 9COME 7ALSO POSSIBLE72 & A WORK]'S SUP]FUND 7AGA91 QUITE POSSIBLE UND] CAPITALISM74 ,MO/ ( !SE DEM&S1 ! RESULT ( CONV5TIONAL /ATI/ ?9K+1 IMPLY /ATECRAFT ON A NATIONAL SCALE & SEEM TO PO9T TO A NEW V]SION ( ,SW$I% ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,! SECTION ON 0TAXATION ON AUTOMAT$ PRODUCTION10 TOO1 IMPLIES A NATIONAL SCOPE4 ,AP>T FROM ! FACT ?AT ?IS PASSAGE IS SO OV]LOAD$ ) CONVOLUT$ LANGUAGE AS TO BE DIFFICULT TO UND]/&1 IT IS UNNECESS>Y = A ,LEFT ,GRE5 PROGRAM TO SPELL \T FUND+ ME*ANISMS & ! LIKE4 ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM TELLS US ELSE:]E1 >E COMMITT$ TO ! PR9CIPLE 0FROM EA* ACCORD+ TO !IR ABILITY1 TO EA* ACCORD+ TO !IR NE$S40 ,IF ?AT IS ! CASE1 :Y EV5 TALK AB\T TAXES ?AT >E QUITE COMPATIBLE 9 PR9CIPLE ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM & ?AT >E P>TLY 9 EXI/5CE ALREADY8 ,MOREOV]1 9 !SE & O!R SECTIONS ( ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM1 ! WORD PUBLIC IS US$1 DISQUIET+LY1 ) NO ADJECTIVES BE=E IT4 ,! WORD US$ ALONE IS AMBIGU\S3 IT CAN MEAN ! 0PUBLIC0 ( ! DIRECT-DEMOCRATIC POLITICS WE >E TRY+ TO CREATE1 OR IT CAN MEAN ! 0PUBLIC0 ( ! NATION-/ATE4 ,LIKE ! WORD DEMOCRACY 1 ! WORD PUBLIC HAS SO MANY CONNOTATIONS ?AT1 LACK+ A SUITABLE ROOT$NESS 9 ! IDEA ( A MUNICIPAL-CONF$]AL 0PUBLIC SPH]E10 IT CAN MEAN ANY?+ TO ANYONE4 ,A ,G5]AL OR A ,P>TICUL>I/IC ,9T]E/8 ,9 \R VIEW1 IT IS BASIC TO ,LEFT ,GRE5 POLITICS ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S SEEK TO CREATE A NEW CITIZ5 9 A NEW POLITICAL SPH]E AT ! MUNICIPAL LEVEL1 CONF$]AT$ REGIONALLY & BEYOND4 ,! SUBTITLE ( ! 0,COOP]ATIVE ,ECONOMIC ,DEMOCRACY0 SECTION SEEMS TO PROMOTE ?IS PROCESS BY CALL+ = 0PUBLIC [N]%IP & DEMOCRATIC CONTROL ( BASIC 9DU/RIES10 AL?\< ?IS =MULATION CONSPICU\SLY LACKS ! WORD MUNICIPAL4 ,HAPPILY1 ! SECTION /ATES ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S 0SEEK TO REPLACE CAPITALI/ & /ATI/ ECONOMIC =MS ) GRASSROOTS-DEMOCRATIC =MS40 ,BUT !N :AT8 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM GOES ON TO DEM& SOME?+ V]Y DIFF]5T FROM ! CONCEPT ( MUNICIPAL CONTROL ?AT SOCIAL ECOLOGY ADVANCES1 9DE$ SOME?+ RA!R >*AIC4 0,PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS 9 ! M>KET SECTOR10 IT /ATES1 0%\LD BE COLLECTIVELY [N$ & CONTROLL$ BY !IR EMPLOYES ON ! MODEL ( ! ,MONDRAGON COOP]ATIVE0 7EMPHASIS ADD$74 ,MO/ PEOPLE KN[ V]Y LITTLE AB\T ! ,MONDRAGON COOP]ATIVE1 :OSE FUTURE AS A SOCIAL 5TITY IS V]Y UNC]TA9 & :OSE WEAKNESSES CAN EASILY BE DEBAT$4 ,BUT IT IS />TL+ TO COME UPON AN 5DORSEM5T ( WORK]S' [N]%IP ( ! PRODUCTION PROCESS :5 NO SU* ?+ IS M5TION$ 9 ! ,PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK4 ,9 FACT1 ?IS IS A MAJOR DEP>TURE FROM ! AGRE$-UPON ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,PR9CIPLES1 (F]$ )\T BATT+ AN EYE4 ,IT %\LD BE UND]/OOD BY EV]YONE CONC]N$ ?AT EMPLOYEE [N]%IP IS NOT PUBLIC [N]%IP1 & ?AT 0WORK]S' CONTROL0 ( 5T]PRISE IS NOT NECESS>ILY A =M ( ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY4 ,:5 SOCIAL ECOLOGI/S >GUE ?AT ! MUNICIPALITIES %\LD CONTROL ! ECONOMIC LIFE ( ! COMMUNITY1 ONE ( !IR PURPOSES IS TO ELIM9ATE ! POSSIBILITY ?AT P>TICUL>I/IC 9T]E/S ( ANY K9D WILL DEVELOP 9 ECONOMIC LIFE1 9T]E/S ?AT C\LD POT5TIALLY RETURN US TO ! K9D ( COMPETITIVE M>KET SOCIETY 9 :I* WE >E ALL N[ BE+ /RANGL$4 ,BUT WORK]S' [N]%IP & CONTROL PLACES ! WORK]S ( AN 5T]PRISE 9 A POSITION :]E !Y CAN BECOME SU* A P>TICUL>I/IC 9T]E/ )9 !IR COMMUNITY1 POSSIBLY \TSIDE ITS CONTROL & SOLELY ACC\NTABLE TO !MSELVES AS 0COLLECTIVE CAPITALI/S0 ) A COMMON 9T]E/ 9 EXP&+ !IR 5T]PRISES & 9CREAS+ !IR PR(ITS4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM EV5 DEM&S ?AT ! MUNICIPAL PUBLIC SUBSIDIZE ! TAKE-OV] ( FIRMS BY WORK]S - CURR5TLY A CLAIM ( ! 0,PROGRESSIVES0 9 \R [N CITY1 ,BURL+TON1 ,V]MONT1 NOT TO SPEAK ( MANY ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS4 ,! HI/ORY ( MANY SU* EF=TS %[S ?AT WORK]-[N$ COOP]ATIVE 5T]PRISES HAVE 9DE$ DRIFT$ T[>D CAPITALI/IC =MS ( COMPETITION ON BEHALF ( !IR [N 5TREPR5EURIAL 9T]E/S1 COMPET+ ) EA* O!R NO DIFF]5TLY FROM TYPICAL CAPITALI/ FIRMS4 ,ANY CLOSE /UD5T ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ 9DU/RIAL CONF$]ATIONS =M$ DUR+ ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION ( #a#i#c#f-#c#g KN[S ?AT ! ,C,N,T 7,SPA9'S HUGE AN>*OSYNDICALI/ LABOR UNION7 WAS DEEPLY VEX$ BY ! FACT ?AT MANY ( ! 5T]PRISES ?AT EV5 ,C,N,T WORK]S HAD TAK5 OV] BEGAN TO FUNCTIONAL M]E COLLECTIVITIES ( CAPITALI/S4 ,AL?\< ?IS FACT HAS NOT BE5 EMPHASIZ$ 9 AN>*I/ OR SYNDICALI/ ACC\NTS ( ! REVOLUTION1 IT APPE>S CLE>LY 9 ! WRIT+S ( ,GA/ON ,LAVAL1 :O SURVEY$ ! COLLECTIVES PRODUC$ BY ?AT GREAT EV5T1 & IT IS KN[N 9 SOME DETAIL BY ONE ( ! AU?ORS ( ?IS CRITIQUE1 :O TALK$ TO MANY ,C,N,T MILITANTS-9-EXILE 9 ! #a#i#fS4 ,ANO!R PROBLEM ?AT >OSE HI/ORICALLY IS :AT ONE MEANS BY 0WORK]S' CONTROL40 ,AGA91 ONE ( ! AU?ORS :O HAS EXAM9$ ! DATA ON ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION ) C>E F\ND ?AT ! MEAN+ ( 0CONTROL0 V>I$ CONSID]ABLY 9 ,SPA94 ,IT C\LD MEAN LITTLE MORE ?AN CO-MANAGEM5T1 9 :I* WORK]S W]E M]ELY CONSULT$ AB\T ! OP]ATIONS ( AN 5T]PRISE1 OR IT C\LD MEAN A FAIRLY EXT5SIVE TAKEOV]1 9 :I* ASSEMBLY =MS ( DEMOCRACY W]E PRACTIC$1 AT LEA/ AT ! V]Y BEG9N+S ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,MANY ( !SE 5T]PRISES W]E EV5TUALLY ABSORB$ ) REGRETTABLE CASE BY ! BUREAUCRATS ( ! ,CATALAN GOV]NM5T & EV5 ! BURGEON+ BUREAUCRACY ( ! ,C,N,T ITSELF1 AL?\< ONE ALWAYS 5C\NT]S NOTABLE EXCEPTIONS4 ,ACTUALLY1 0WORK]S' CONTROL0 DOES NOT NECESS>ILY ?REAT5 CAPITALISM4 ,9 ! YE>S ?AT LIE AHEAD1 9 FACT1 IT MAY BECOME M]ELY A DIFF]5T =M ( CAPITALISM4 ,REC5TLY1 SOME FIRMS1 EV5 ,=TUNE #e COMPANIES LIKE ,I,B,M1 ,GOODYE>1 & ,G5]AL ,MILLS1 HAVE BE5 9/ITUT+ 0WORK]S' SELF-MANAGEM5T40 ,A COMPOSITE PICTURE ( ! AU?ORITY ?AT !SE COMPANIES HAVE GIV5 TO !IR WORK]S 9 C]TA9 PLANTS W\LD DAZZLE SOME ( ! MO/ DIEH>D SYNDICALI/S3 ! AU?ORITY TO DISCIPL9E WORK]S1 TO SET PRODUCTION S*$ULES1 TO DET]M9E IF 9DIVIDUAL 0COLLEAGUES0 DES]VE RAISES1 TO P>TICIPATE 9 9T]VIEW+ & SELECT+ EMPLOYES1 & TO %UT D[N PRODUCTION L9ES IF PRODUCTS >E DEFECTIVE4 ,SUP]VISORS HAVE BE5 ABOLI%$ 9 SOME CASES & REPLAC$ BY A 0MANAG]0 & TEAM ) ROTAT+ COORD9ATORS4 ,:O KN[S :]E !Y WILL /OP8 ,SU* COMPANIES REPORT$LY F9D ?AT !SE PROGRAMS R$UCE CO/S & MAKE = BETT] QUALITY PRODUCTS1 GREAT] EFFICI5CY1 & HAPPI] WORK]S - OR 0MEMB]S10 AS !Y >E SOMETIMES EUPHEMI/ICALLY R5AM$4 ,EMPLOYEE /OCK [N]%IP PLANS HAVE GIV5 A DEGREE ( [N]%IP TO T5 MILLION ,U4,S4 WORK]S2 9 MANY ( !M1 9 FACT1 EMPLOYES [N ! MAJORITY ( ! /OCK4 ,AVIS WAS ACTUALLY B\TICIPATION S*EMES BOO/ MORALE1 0PRODUCTIVITY10 & COMPETITIV5ESS1 9 ! SPIRIT ( ! ,AVIS WORK]-[N]S :O SPORT BUTTONS ?AT READ 0,[N]S ,TRY ,H>D]40 ,CAPITALI/ CORPORATIONS MAY WELL EV5TUALLY LET WORK]S LOOK AT !IR BOOKS )\T FE> ( REVEAL+ !IR APPETITE = PR(ITS - P>TLY BECAUSE WORK]S' CLASS CONSCI\SNESS HAS BE5 WAN+ 5ORM\SLY S9CE ! #a#i#cS1 & P>TLY BECAUSE !RE IS GR[+ AGREEM5T AMONG ,AM]ICANS G5]ALLY ?AT 05TREPR5EURS0 %\LD MAKE PR(ITS FROM !IR EF=TS4 ,9 ,SW$5 & ,SWITZ]L&1 DI/RIBUTION COOP]ATIVES HAVE PROV$ 0SUCCESSFUL0 ONLY :5 !Y AGGRESSIVELY MANAG$ & M>KET$ !IR COMMODITIES LIKE ANY O!R CAPITALI/ COMPANY4 ,& 9 ,MEXICO1 ! GOV]NM5T IS N[ ACTIVELY PROMOT+ 0P>TN]%IPS0 BETWE5 CAMPES9O COOP]ATIVES & PRIVATE AGRIBUS9ESS - AN EF=T ?AT ! CAMPES9OS >E REJECT+ BY FUM+ TO A V]SION ( MUNICIPAL CONTROL V]Y SIMIL> 9 *>ACT] TO :AT WE HAVE PROP\ND$4 ,IS ?IS :AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT8 ,DEM&S ?AT MAY HAVE SEEM$ T]RIBLY RADICAL FIFTY YE>S AGO >E GRADUALLY TURN+ 9TO A B\RGEOIS CLI*E TODAY4 ,! SLOGANS & CRIES ( YE/]YE> ?AT SEEM$ TO BE SO E>?-%AK+ & 9NOVATIVE >E BE+ COOPT$ - )\T ! TRADITIONAL RADICAL LANGUAGE1 TO BE SURE - TO ACCOMMODATE ! CAPITALI/ ECONOMY TO AN 9CREAS+ EXT5T4 ,AS SOCIAL ECOLOGI/S & LIB]T>IAN MUNICIPALI/S1 WE BELIEVE ?AT WORK]S %\LD BE REG>D$ NOT AS WORK]S P] SE - A P>TICUL>I/IC CLASS EXI/5CE ?AT HAS BE5 9FLICT$ UPON !M BY B\RGEOIS SOCIETY - BUT AS HUMAN BE+S LIKE EV]YONE ELSE1 ) MO!RS & FA!RS1 BRO!RS & SI/]S1 & ! FULL RANGE ( HUMAN NE$S & S5SIBILITIES1 9CLUD+ CIVIC & ECOLOGICAL CONC]NS4 ,= YE>S1 ?IS HAS BE5 A KEY >GUM5T ( SOCIAL ECOLOGI/S AGA9/ CONV5TIONAL SOCIALI/S1 ,M>XI/S1 & AN>*OSYNDICALI/S4 ,WE HAVE /RESS$ VALUES AS WELL AS MAT]IAL PROBLEMS1 ECOLOGY AS WELL AS FACTORY PROBLEMS1 FRE$OM AS WELL AS 0SOCIAL JU/ICE40 ,WE >E TRY+ TO CREATE A NEW POLITICAL SPH]E BY DEVELOP+ CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES ?AT ACTIVELY P>TICIPATE 9 ! MANAGEM5T ( 5T]PRISES UND] !IR CONTROL1 RA!R ?AN LIMIT ?AT CONTROL TO ?OSE :O OP]ATE ?OSE 5T]PRISES & !REBY RE9=CE !IR PROLET>IAN /ATUS & WAYS ( ?9K+4 ,WE WORK ) ! CATEGORY ( 0CITIZ5S10 NOT 0WORK]S10 BECAUSE LIKE ALL O!R CITIZ5S1 WORK]S 9 A DEMOCRATIZ$ POLITY W\LD HAVE A G5]AL PUBLIC 9T]E/ AS SOCIAL BE+S CONT9UALLY 9 M9D4 ,WE DO BELIEVE ?AT WORK]S 9 !IR >EA ( ! ECONOMY HAVE A TE*NICAL EXP]TIZE ?AT GIVES !M A PLACE ON TE*NICAL ADVISORY BO>DS AT ! S]VICE ( ! COMMUNITY1 BUT ONLY AS P>T ( !IR [N ROLES AS CITIZ5S4 ,9 ?IS CAPACITY1 KN[L$GEABLE AS !Y >E AB\T !IR VOCATIONAL & PR(ESSIONAL ACTIVITIES1 !Y CAN ASSI/ ! CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES 9 MAK+ DECISIONS ?AT P]TA9 TO ! ECONOMIC >EA ) :I* !Y >E V]Y FAMILI>4 ,!SE FUNCTIONS >E PURELY ADVISORY & DO NOT 5TAIL POLICY-MAK+4 ,!Y >E NOT 0SOVIETS10 FACTORY C\NCILS1 OR SYNDICALI/ TRADE-UNION LOCALS4 ,!Y >E M]ELY TE*NICAL AG5CIES1 ) NO P[] TO MAKE POLICY DECISIONS1 A FUNCTION ?AT MU/ BE RELEGAT$ EXCLUSIVELY TO CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES4 ,9DE$1 ! MORE V>I$ ! SUGGE/IONS !Y MAKE = ! RESOLUTION ( A P>TICUL> PROBLEM1 ! MORE DESIRABLE !IR SUGGE/IONS WILL BE1 SO ?AT CITIZ5S' ASSEMBLIES CAN AT LEA/ MAKE *OICES & !REBY EX]CISE !IR AUTONOMY AS ! POLICY-MAK+ BODIES ( SOCIETY4 ,BUT = ANY K9D ( ECONOMIC COOP]ATIVE TO REMA9 B5IGN1 IT MU/ BE BR\T ( ! ECONOMY4 ,WE !RE=E FAVOR CITIZ5S' CONTROL ( A MORAL ECONOMY1 NOT WORK]S' CONTROL ( AN 5TREPR5EURIAL ECONOMY4 7,WE NOTE ?AT ! CRUCIAL PHRASE MORAL ECONOMY DOES NOT APPE> 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM2 NOR W\LD WE WANT IT TO APPE> IF ITS MEAN+ IS W>P$ & DI/ORT$ BY OBSOLETE NOTIONS ( C\NCIL COMMUNISM & SYNDICALISM47 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT IF ,LEFT ,GRE5S >E TO BE TRULY RADICAL & ECOLOGICAL1 !Y MU/ ALSO RAISE ! IMAGES ( ROTATION ( WORK1 ( HI<-QUALITY & >TI/IC PRODUCTS1 & ( ! VIRTUES ( CRAFTSP]SON%IP AFT] MA*9]Y IS US$ TO REMOVE ON]\S TOIL4 ,WE >E AS CONC]N$ ) ! QUALITY ( LIFE 9 :AT ,M>X CALL$ 0! REALM ( NECESSITY0 AS WE >E ) LIB]TY 9 0! REALM ( FRE$OM40 ,9DE$1 IT IS ONE ( SOCIAL ECOLOGY'S MAJOR T5ETS ?AT 0! REALM ( NECESSITY0 - TOIL1 REPETITIVE WORK1 & ALI5AT$ LABOR - MU/ BE 9CREAS+LY COLONIZ$ BY ! 0REALM ( FRE$OM0 SO ?AT WORK BECOMES AN EXPRESSIVE1 SELF-DEF9+1 CREATIVE1 & PLEASURABLE ACTIVITY ?AT 5RI*ES ! HUMAN SPIRIT4 ,AMAZ+LY1 ( ALL ?+S1 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM TAKES NO DESCRIPTIVE ACC\NT ( ! ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS ?AT WORK]S 5C\NT] 9 ! WORKPLACE TODAY1 SU* AS ! TOX9S !Y H&LE1 ! POLLUT$ AIR !Y BREA!1 & ! G5]ALLY UNHEAL?Y 5VIRONM5T 9 :I* !Y WORK - AN ISSUE ?AT C\LD PROVIDE !M ) A L9KAGE TO A RADICAL ECOLOGY MOVEM5T 9 !IR VOCATIONAL CAPACITIES AS WELL AS 9 !IR CIVIC CAPACITIES AS CITIZ5S1 P>5TS1 & NEIK$ BY !SE ATTRIBUTES4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT1 IT LACKS UTOPIAN VISION1 VITALITY1 & EXPRESSIV5ESS4 ,IT /ILL FALLS )9 ! ORBIT ( OLD-TIME SOCIALI/ PROGRAMS ?AT READ MORE LIKE 9V5TORIES ( ! EVILS ( PRES5T- DAY SOCIETY ) SUGGE/$ 0CORRECTIVES0 ?AN A VISION>Y UTOPI/IC PROGRAM - A DIM5SION ?AT WE BELIEVE BELONGS AS MU* 9 ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK ,PROGRAM AS IT DOES 9 ! ,/ATEM5T ( ,PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK4 ,CAPITALISM ) A ,HUMAN ,FACE8 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM HAS A /RANGELY AMBIGU\S ATTITUDE T[>D CAPITALISM ITSELF ?AT APPE>S 9 SEV]AL DI/URB+ WAYS4 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM OP5S ) A GREAT DEAL ( ANTICAPITALI/ RHETORIC1 UND] 0,ECONOMIC ,RECON/RUCTION10 WE >E TOLD ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S WANT 9 ! %ORT T]M TO 0/ABILIZE ! ECONOMY40 ,/ABILIZE ! ECONOMY8 ,WE >E ACCU/OM$ TO SU* LANGUAGE FROM ! ,BUS9ESS ,R\NDTABLE1 BUT S9CE :5 HAS ECONOMIC /ABILITY BE5 EV5 A %ORT-T]M RADICAL1 MU* LESS A REVOLUTION>Y DEM&8 ,?IS WORD COMES \T ( ! ACADEMIC TEXTBOOKS ( BUS9ESS S*OOLS4 ,LET US MAKE ?IS CLE>3 ,IT IS NOT ! RESPONSIBILITY ( ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 IF !Y BE> ! NAME ,LEFT1 TO /ABILIZE ! ECONOMY OR TO TRY TO RATIONALIZE ITS BASIC CONTRADICTIONS4 ,CAPITAL & ! /ATE DO :AT !Y CAN TO ACCOMPLI% ?IS1 TOGE!R ) !IR SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC ALLIES4 ,S9CE :5 HAVE ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S JO9$ ?AT UNHOLY TEAM8 ,NOR >E ! DEM&S 9 ! ECONOMIC SECTION ( ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM P>TICUL>LY CONFRONTATIONAL 9 DEAL+ ) CAPITALISM4 ,CONSID] !SE WORDS FROM ! PROGRAM3 0,WE ADVOCATE A SY/EM ( 'TRUECO/' PRIC+ .<6.> TO DEMOCRATICALLY 9T]NALIZE SOCIAL & ECOLOGICAL CO/S 9 PRODUCTION40 0,A @s#a_/H\R M9IMUM WAGE1 9DEX$ TO 9FLATION .<6.>1 WILL RAISE DEM& = BASIC NECESSITIES 7AN ANTIRECESSION>Y /IMULUS .<6.>740 ,! PUBLIC HEAL? S]VICE1 WE >E TOLD1 W\LD 0EMPLOY0 0SAL>I$0 HEAL? WORK]S4 7,ONE CANNOT HELP BUT WOND] :O ! 0EMPLOY]S0 WILL BE :O PAY ! 0SAL>IES0 9 ?IS SY/EM74 ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 WE >E TOLD1 WANT TO 0RECATEGORIZE 444 JOBS :]E NE$$ TO PROTECT WOM5'S RIABLE WOR? 444 RAIS+ SAL>IES = TRADITIONAL WOM5'S WORK40 ,H]E AGA91 ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ECOTOPIA S\NDS MORE LIKE ,SW$5 ?AN ANY?+ ELSE4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM GOES ON TO /ATE ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S SUPPORT 0DEMOCRATIC UNIONS & RANK-&-FLEE MOVEM5TS 9 EXI/+ UNIONS = UNION DEMOCRACY0 AS WELL AS ! 0UNIONIZATION ( WORK=CES PR$OM9ANTLY WOM540 ,IT CANNOT HAVE ESCAP$ MANY PEOPLE'S NOTICE BY N[ ?AT ! E/ABLI%M5T TRADE UNIONS >E AMONG ! PILL>S ( CAPITALISM1 H[EV] MU* !Y >E D5\NC$ BY V>I\S CAPITALI/S TODAY4 ,!RE IS LITTLE REASON1 ALAS1 TO ?9K ?AT 0DEMOCRATIC0 & 0WOM5'S0 UNIONS W\LD BE MU* DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE WE ALREADY HAVE4 ,! FACT IS ?AT ! TRADE UNION MOVEM5T1 DESPITE ITS RADICAL ASPIRATIONS 9 E>LI] P]IODS ( SOCIAL HI/ORY1 PLAYS A COMPLEM5T>Y ROLE TO ! PREVAIL+ SY/EM4 ,ITS AMBITION IS TO GA9 = WORK]S !IR %>E ( CAPITALI/ SOCIETY'S EXI/+ WEAL?4 ,TO DO SO1 TRADE UNIONS1 ESPECIALLY S9CE ! #a#i#cS1 HAVE L>GELY BECOME ! SY/EM'S 9/RUM5TS = MOBILIZ+ & DISCIPL9+ LABOR4 ,TODAY !IR ACTIVITIES >E /REAK$ BY *AUV9I/IC ASIDES AGA9/ ,JAPANESE & ,MEXICAN WORK]S & BY US+ E?NIC /]EOTYPES 9 SOME ADV]TIS+ ?AT H>DLY DO ! TRADE UNION MOVEM5T CR$IT4 0,DEMOCRATIC0 TRADE UNIONS MAY RESI/ SU* BLATANT APPEALS TO *AUV9ISM 7WE HOPE671 BUT WE SEE LITTLE PROSPECT ?AT !Y WILL UPHOLD A G5U9ELY REVOLUTION>Y PRACTICE ANY BETT] ?AN !IR =EBE>S DID OR SEEK SOME?+ BEYOND !IR %>E ( ! WEAL?4 ,LET IT BE UND]/OOD ?AT NONE ( !SE REM>KS >E 9T5D$ TO DIM9I% ! EF=TS ( WORK]S OR O!R EXPLOIT$ GR\PS TO ORGANIZE 9 ORD] TO IMPROVE !IR LOT4 ,IT IS ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S' RESPONSIBILITY1 H[EV]1 AS WE %ALL PO9T \T BEL[1 TO CONSI/5TLY & UNFAIL+LY AN*OR !IR PRACTICAL DEM&S 9 ! NE$ = BASIC SOCIAL *ANGE1 IF !Y >E TO GET AT ! S\RCES ( ! PROBLEMS WE FACE4 ,! PASSAGES 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM DEAL+ ) WORK]S & TRADE UNIONS1 WAGES & JOB EQUALITY1 DO NOT L9K ! PROBLEMS ( WORK]S & !IR ORGANIZATIONS TO ! NE$ = FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,!Y (F] NO H9T ( ! HI/ORY ( ! TRADE UNIONS' PORTRAYALS ( ! WORK+ CLASS AS A :OLE1 OR ( ! NE$ TO GO BEYOND ECONOMIC ANALYZES & CAPITALI/ 9/ITUTIONS & EMPHASIZE ! 0POLITICAL REALM10 AS SOCIAL ECOLOGY UND]/&S ?AT T]M4 ,TODAY1 ,LEFT ,GRE5S HAVE GOOD REASON TO FEEL *>Y ( PROGRAMMATIC 5COMIUMS TO TRADE UNIONS ?AT LACK ! RADICAL ATTRIBUTES ( MOVEM5TS LIKE ! ,5GLI% ,*>TI/S 7P>TICUL>LY ITS ,[5ITE W+71 ! ,FR5* ,C,G,T1 ! ,SPANI% ,C,N,T1 & ! ,AM]ICAN ,I,W,W4 ,! LATT] TWO W]E EXPLICITLY COMMITT$ TO AN UNREL5T+ 0CLASS W>0 AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 AS ANYONE :O READS ! PREAMBLE ( ! ,I,W,W WILL 9/ANTLY RECOGNIZE4 ,YET AS MILITANT & REVOLUTION>Y AS ?AT PREAMBLE WAS 9 ITS DAY1 WE HAVE LONG PASS$ ! TIME :5 ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T & ITS 9/ITUTIONS CAN BE REG>D$ AS 0HEGEMONIC10 MU* LESS REVOLUTION>Y4 ,! 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAT IS NOT ONLY DIM9I%+ NUM]ICALLY AS AUTOMAT$ MA*9]Y REPLACES ! R\T9E FUNCTIONS ( ! FACTORY1 BUT 5\< ( A LABOR >I/OCRACY HAS BE5 CREAT$ 7CALL$ 0TE*NICIANS0 OR 0ASSOCIATES07 :O NO LONG] HAVE ANY?+ RESEMBL+ ! CLASS CONSCI\SNESS ?AT M>K$ ! PROLET>IAT FROM ! LATE N9ETE5? C5TURY TO ! #a#i#dS4 ,EV5 ?OSE WORK]S :O HAVE A MODICUM ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS SODA1 >E M>G9AL TO ! ECONOMY AS A :OLE1 HAVE LO/ ! ATTRIBUTES ( A 0PROLET>IAN CULTURE0 ?AT RE9=C$ ! CLASS /RUGGLES ( YE/]YE>1 & >E NOT SUSCEPTIBLE 9 ANY MEAN+FUL WAY TO RADICAL1 MU* LESS REVOLUTION>Y1 IDEAS4 ,REGRETTABLE AS ?IS MAY BE1 WE MU/ FACE ! BRUTAL FACT ?AT ! PROLET>IAT 7ALL[+ = ALL ! MY?S ?AT MAY HAVE EXI/$ AB\T ITS REVOLUTION>Y DE/9Y7 IS TODAY SO =MLESS ?AT EV5 /RIK+ WORK]S1 AS ONE ( ! AU?ORS HAS OBS]V$1 CALL !MSELVES 0US MIDDLE-CLASS WORK]S40 ,WE W\LD REM9D ,LEFT ,GRE5S ?AT EV5 ,M>X & ,5GELS W]E V]Y HESITANT TO PLACE MU* HOPE 9 LABOR UNIONS 9 !IR DAY4 ,!Y USUALLY EMPHASIZ$ ! NE$ TO =M 0A REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S' P>TY40 ,AN \T/&+ AN>*I/ LIKE ,]RICO ,MALATE/A WAS 9ITIALLY A /RONG OPPON5T ( SYNDICALISM BECAUSE ( ITS LIMIT$ PROLET>IAN ORI5TATION & ITS ECONOMI/IC BIAS4 ,MALATE/A 9/EAD CALL$ = A BROAD] & MORE MORAL TYPE ( MOVEM5T - REGRETTABLY ONLY TO BE SWEPT UP LAT] 9 ! SYNDICALI/ TIDE ?AT DELUG$ MANY AN>*I/ GR\PS DUR+ ! E>LY P>T ( ?IS C5TURY4 ,IRONICALLY1 ,L59 TOO F\TY1 :OM HE DESIGNAT$ 0ECONOMI/S40 ,IT WAS PRIM>ILY ) ! GR[? ( ,/AL9'S ,POPUL> ,FRONT POLICIES DUR+ ! #a#i#cS1 :I* AV[$LY SUSP5D$ ! CLASS /RUGGLE & =M$ AMALGAMS ) MIDDLE-CLASS & EV5 B\RGEOIS P>TIES1 ?AT /ATEM5TS ( UNQUALIFI$ SUPPORT = EV5 0DEMOCRATIC0 TRADE UNIONS ( ! K9D ?AT APPE>S 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM1 BECAME WIDESPREAD AMONG 0LEFTI/S40 7,WE MAY NOTE ?AT EV5 ! MO/ 0DEMOCRATIC0 ( ! TRADE UNIONS 9 ! #a#i#cS1 LIKE ! ,UNIT$ ,AUTOMOBILE ,WORK]S1 HAD A HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURE1 :I* ,WALT] ,REU!R UTILIZ$ TO ! HILT UNTIL TRADE UNION 0DEMOCRACY0 WAS VIRTUALLY ELIM9AT$ FROM ?IS FASC9AT+ LABOR UNION1 AS ONE ( ! AU?ORS ( ?IS CRITIQUE CAN ATTE/47 ,WE HOPE WE >E NOT MI/AK51 BUT WE REALLY HAVE BE5 ?9K+ ALL ALONG ?AT IT IS BASIC TO ,LEFT ,GRE5 POLITICS NOT TO CONF9E ITS PROGRAM OV]:ELM+LY TO ! GOAL ( 'GIV+ EV]YONE A PIECE ( ! CAPITALI/ PIE1 :E!R IT BE DEMOCRATIC UNIONS OR NONDEMOCRATIC UNIONS1 WOM5 OR M51 BLACK OR :ITE4 ,AFT] ALL1 IF ! B\RGEOISIE WANT$ TO1 IT C\LD GIVE WAY TO P>T OR ALL ( ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM'S 0DEM&S0 & !REBY MAKE EV]YBODY ?9K !Y HAD WON SOME?+ - IRONICALLY1 IT C\LD EV5 REMOVE POISONS FROM FACTORIES1 ALBEIT ) ! GREATE/ DIFFICULTY - & CAPITALISM W\LD CONT9UE1 EV5 MORE SUCCESSFULLY1 ) EV5 MORE 0/ABILITY0 ?AN BE=E4 ,:Y %\LD ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM /OP ) M]ELY 5DORS+ COMP>ABLE WOR? & DEMOCRATIC UNIONS8 ,:Y DOES IT NOT DEM& ?AT CORPORATIONS PROVIDE *ILDC>E & EV5 ELD]C>E1 AS MANY COMPANIES ALREADY >E8 ,:Y NOT DEM& ?AT COMPANIES MANAGE ! WILDLIFE ON !IR ACREAGE1 AS ,DU ,PONT HAS ALREADY F\ND IT EXP$I5T TO DO1 9 ! NAME ( ECOLOGICAL CONSCI\SNESS8 ,:Y NOT DEM& ! FULL RANGE ( 0B5EFITS0 ?AT CORPORATIONS C\LD PROVIDE - & !REBY 9T]LOCK WORK]S' LIVES EV5 FUR!R ) ! FUTURE ( !IR BELOV$ CORPORATIONS8 ,LEFT ,GRE5S AS ,SOCIAL ,5G9E]S8 ,MANY SECTIONS ( ?IS SURPRIS+LY NONCONFRONTATIONAL PROGRAM1 F> FROM *ALL5G+ ! M>KETPLACE1 DO 9DE$ SEEK TO /ABILIZE IT & ! ECONOMY AS A :OLE4 ,9 FACT1 TAK5 TOGE!R1 ! ECONOMIC & O!R SECTIONS ( ?IS PROGRAM CON/ITUTE A GOOD WAY TO PLAN CAPITALISM1 TO CREATE :AT AM\NTS TO 0CAPITALISM ) A HUMAN FACE40 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM SEEMS TO FEEL ?AT IT MU/ PROVIDE A SOLUTION = EV]Y PROBLEM ?AT CAPITALISM HAS CREAT$1 = EV]Y SOCIAL IDIOCY ?AT EXI/S TODAY - & TO A CONSID]ABLE EXT5T !SE SOLUTIONS >E PROVID$ )9 ! ORBIT ( CAPITALISM ITSELF4 ,EV5 ! RE=M ( PUBLIC $UCATION GETS A PLANK SU* AS ONE C\LD F9D 9 ANY ,DEMOCRATIC P>TY1 ,RA9B[ ,COALITION1 OR ,N,D,P PLAT=M1 ALL ( :I* >E EAG] TO MANAGE ! PRES5T SOCIAL ORD] 0= ! B5EFIT ( ! PEOPLE0 & ESS5TIALLY MAKE AN IRRATIONAL SOCIETY SEEM RATIONAL4 7,ISSUES LIKE RACISM & ! ,A,I,D,S P&EMIC1 H[EV]1 >E /RANGELY ABS5T47 ,NOR IS IT F>-FET*$ TO *>ACT]IZE ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM ?IS WAY4 ,9DE$1 BY ! PROGRAM'S [N ADMISSION1 IT IS A ,LEFT ,GRE5 GOAL TO FE$ O!R P>TIES IDEAS4 ,UND] 09DEP5D5T POLITICS10 WE READ ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S 0WILL =CE ! E/ABLI%M5T P>TIES TO ADOPT SOME ( \R RE=MS40 ,RE=MS IS A WELL-*OS5 WORD H]E1 = MANY ( ! DEM&S 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM SEEM TAILOR$ PRECISELY = 0ADOPTION0 BY 0E/ABLI%M5T P>TIES0 OR SELF-/YL$ 0PROGRESSIVE0 ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BUT ALL 9 ALL1 ?IS IS TRULY AN AMAZ+ &1 WE REGRET TO SAY1 RA!R REVEAL+ /ATEM5T4 ,:O IS ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM TRY+ TO PLEASE1 AFT] ALL1 ) !SE LIB]AL DEM&S8 ,! ,GRE5 ,COMMITTEES ( ,CORRESPOND5CE8 ,WAV]+ SOCIAL DEMOCRATS8 ,! Y\? SECTION ( ,D,S,A8 ,IT IS H>D TO RECALL A G5U9ELY REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ?AT /AT$ ITS [N WILL+NESS = ITS PLANKS TO BE AMICABLY COOPT$ BY MA9/REAM P>TIES4 ,PLEASE1 DE> FRI5DS1 LET US S]I\SLY QUE/ION :Y SU* =MULATIONS APPE> 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM - & :Y !Y %\LD BE REMOV$4 ,!RE >E1 TO BE SURE1 SOCIAL PROBLEMS >\ND :I* ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD MAKE DEM&S ?AT C\LD WELL BE AMELIORAT$ )9 CAPITALISM AL?\< NOT1 WE ?9K1 RESOLV$ BY IT4 ,!SE PROBLEMS >E ?OSE ?AT ?REAT5 ! BASIS = LIFE ITSELF1 :I* >E BY !IR V]Y NATURE ,! WOR/ DISA/]S - ! MASSIVE DE/RUCTION ( NONHUMAN NATURE TO ! PO9T :]E =E/S >E VIRTUALLY DISAPPE>+2 ! RAVAGES ( DISEASES & EPIDEMICS LIKE ,A,I,D,S2 G5OCIDE1 :E!R 9 ! =M ( CATA/ROPHIC FAM9E OR \TRID WON OV] C5TURIES ( HUMAN HI/ORY1 SU* AS CIVIL RIE SYMPA!TIC TO ! MIS]ABLE CONDITIONS UND] :I* ! HOMELESS EXI/4 ,LIKE ALL ,LEFT ,GRE5S1 WE >E HORRIFI$ BY ! DEVA/ATION ?AT DRUGS LIKE CRACK HAVE WR\D BASIC SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,!RE >E O!R MOVEM5TS ?AT >E MORE ?AN WILL+ TO 5GAGE 9 RE=MI/ 5T]PRISES - LIB]ALS1 SOCIALI/S1 0PROGRESSIVES10 ,JESSE ,JACKSON SUPPORT]S1 ,AUDREY ,MC,LAUY = US TO BE REVOLUTION>IES RA!R ?AN SOCIAL 5G9E]S4 ,A LEFTI/ MOVEM5T ?AT SEEKS TO DI/RIBUTE A PIECE ( ! EXI/+ PIE = EV]YONE1 )9 ! EXI/+ SOCIAL ORD]1 FACES ! PROBLEM ( ITS [N EMB\RGOISEM5T & R5D]S IT & ITS PLANKS VULN]ABLE TO ABSORPTION OR NEGOTIATION BY RE=MI/ MOVEM5TS4 ,ONE HAS ONLY TO LOOK AT ! ,G]MAN ,GRE5S TO SEE H[ EASILY ?IS WAS DONE - [+ 9 GREAT MEASURE TO !IR ATTEMPT TO =M COALITIONS ) B\RGEOIS P>TIES & GA9 ELECTORAL SUPPORT 9 P]IODS ( SOCIAL REACTION4 ,FUNDAM5TAL TO ! PROBLEMS ) ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM IS ?AT IT CONFUSES ! REACTION>Y POLICIES ( ! ,REAGAN & ,BU% ADM9I/RATIONS ) CAPITALISM AS SU*4 ,TODAY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES WE >E IMM]S$ 9 ! ,REAGAN-,BU% ]A1 9 ,CANADA 9 ! ,MULRONEY ]A1 9 ,MEXICO 9 ! ,SAL9AS ]A4 ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD RECOGNIZE ?AT CAPITALISM P]MITS WIDE SW+S )9 ITSELF1 H[EV]1 & ?AT IT ALL[S ITSELF A WIDE LATITUDE 9 5G9E]+ ! SY/EM4 ,FROM TIME TO TIME ! B\RGEOISIE HAS ALSO BE5 KN[N TO BE 05LI7 ,9 ITS MORE 05LIE WILL+ TO PAY HI<] WAGES1 PROVIDE BETT] WORK+ CONDITIONS1 GIVE LONG] VACATIONS1 & RECOGNIZE PR(ESSIONAL /ATUS1 IF !Y HELP TO /ABILIZE ! SY/EM4 ,9 ,G]MANY1 UNIONS HAVE LONG P>TICIPAT$ 9 MANAGEM5T1 ) UNION REPRES5TATIVES SITT+ ON SUP]VISORY BO>DS & BO>DS ( DIRECTORS - >RANGEM5TS ?AT ,G]MAN MANAG]S F9D USEFUL = CONTROLL+ ! WORK=CE4 ,CAPITALISM ABOVE ALL SEEKS /ABILITY & ! OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE PR(ITS 4 ,! PROSPECT ( 5D+ E?NIC & G5D] DISCRIM9ATION DOES NOT POSE A ?REAT TO ! /ABILITY ( ! SY/EM4 ,9DE$1 ! PROSPECT ( SOCIAL 9/ABILITY TR\BLES ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM MU* MORE ?AN PROSPECT ( WORKPLACE EQUALITY = E?NIC M9ORITIES & WOM54 ,TO BE SURE1 MANY CORPORATIONS & A SIZABLE PROPORTION ( ! POPULATION >E BIAS$ AGA9/ E?NIC M9ORITIES & WOM54 ,BUT !SE CORPORATE & 0POPUL>0 GR\PS REPRES5T A CULTURAL LAG ?AT CAPITALISM HAS BE5 SL[LY DIM9I%+ = G5]ATIONS1 DESPITE PAT5TLY ATAVI/IC & REACTION>Y P]IODS4 ,! L>GE CORPORATIONS ( ! ,BUS9ESS ,R\NDTABLE1 = EXAMPLE - C]TA9LY ,ROB]T ,ALL5 ( ,A,T@&,T - REC5TLY CLA%$ ) ! ,BU% ADM9I/RATION OV] ISSUES ( M9ORITY HIR+4 ,ALL5 WANT$ TO COME TO AN AGREEM5T ) M9ORITY LEAD]S OV] HIR+ ?AT W\LD HAVE BE5 MORE B5EFICIAL TO M9ORITIES ?AN ! ,BU% ADM9I/RATION WAS PREP>$ TO ALL[1 [+ TO ITS DESIRE TO MAKE ITSELF APPETIZ+ TO RACI/ ELEM5TS 9 ! ,U4,S4 POPULATION = ELECTORAL REASONS4 ,! WELF>E /ATES ( ! WORLD1 EI!R 9 P>T OR 9 :OLE1 HAVE BE5 WILL+ TO GRANT MANY ( ! DEM&S ?AT ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM SEEMS TO REG>D AS 0RADICAL40 ,WE >E NOT CONC]N$ H]E ) ! DETAILS ( ,ALL5'S PROPOSAL1 ,I,L,S ADEQUACY1 OR ! K9D ( RESI/ANCE IT MET FROM ! ,BU% ADM9I/RATION4 ,SU* DETAILS W\LD BE UTT]LY SPURI\S & W\LD MI/AKE ! TREES = ! =E/4 ,:AT WE >E CONC]N$ ) IS ! OV]ALL ?RU/ ?AT A DEVELOPM5T FOLL[S 9 ! LONG RUN1 & :AT ! SY/EM REALLY NE$S 9 ORD] TO MEET ITS BASIC GOALS ( PR(IT & /ABILITY4 ,?US1 AL?\< MANY ( ! RE=MS ON ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM MAY SEEM RADICAL 9 ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICA ( TODAY1 A L>GE NUMB] ( !M C\LD EASILY FIT 9TO A FUTURE ,NEW ,DEAL OR ,GREAT ,SOCIETY-TYPE PROGRAM4 ,UND] ,F,D,R1 = EXAMPLE1 TRADE UNIONS WON GREAT LATITUDE4 ,?AT RIE 9 P[] N[ ON ?IS CONT95T DOES NOT MEAN ?AT LEFTI/S %\LD TEMP] !IR REVOLUTION>Y DEM&S ) RE=MS & DRIFT 9 A LIB]AL DIRECTION4 ,! FACT ?AT ! ,REAGAN & ,BU% ADM9I/RATIONS1 9 A V]Y SPECIFIC POLITICAL & ECONOMIC P]IOD1 HAVE HAD !IR [N REASONS = TRY+ TO WEAK5 ! 9FLU5CE ( TRADE UNIONS ON ! ECONOMY DOES NOT MAKE ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM'S UNQUALIFI$ SUPPORT = 0DEMOCRATIC0 TRADE UNIONS A RADICAL1 MU* LESS A REVOLUTION>Y DEM&4 ,9 T5 YE>S ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES MAY HAVE A ,LYNDON ,JOHNSON-TYPE :O W\LD GIVE IT ALL BACK4 ,! PO9T IS ?AT ?IS DEM&1 LIKE SO MANY 9 ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM1 IS QUITE NEGOTIABLE & EASILY L5DS ITSELF TO COOPTATION - YES1 BY EXI/+ POLITICAL P>TIES4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM1 9 EFFECT1 DUELS ) ! ,REAGAN & ,BU% ADM9I/RATIONS RA!R ?AN ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ITSELF4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD NOT %APE !IR PROGRAM 9 REACTION TO ! SPECIFIC BEHAVIOR ( ?OSE 9 P[] AT A GIV5 TIME4 ,NOR %\LD !IR DEM&S BE SUBJECT TO ! SW+S BETWE5 05LI*ICAL SOCIETY CAN BE R5D]$ PALATABLE >E ! JOB ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY & LIB]ALISM4 ,:AT %\LD BC A MAJOR MATT] ( CONC]N TO ,LEFT ,GRE5S IS ! SY/EM'S EXTRAORD9>Y CAPACITY TO COOPT 5TIRE MOVEM5TS ?AT HAVE RADICAL PRET5SIONS1 AS WELL AS SPECIFIC RE=M PLANKS4 ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD ALWAYS DIRECT !IR MAJOR FOCUS T[>D ! SY/EMIC PROBLEMS ( CAPITALISM3 ITS 9EXORABLE NE$ TO GR[1 TO SIMPLIFY ! ECOLOGY ( ! PLANET1 TO TURN BACK ! CLOCK ( NATURAL EVOLUTION TO A PO9T :]E IT WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE = COMPLEX LIFE-=MS TO EXI/4 ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD EMPHASIZE ?AT CAPITALISM COMMODIFIES EV]Y ASPECT ( HUMAN SOCIAL RELATIONS TO A PO9T :]E PEOPLE >E R$UC$ TO M]E OBJECTS1 TO BUY]S & SELL]S1 TO CONSUM]S ( TRA%Y GOODS ?AT 9 ! C\RSE ( COMMODIFY+ NOT ONLY ! ECONOMY BUT SOCIETY1 IT SUBV]TS ALL NATURAL & HUMAN RELATIONS1 SU* AS MUTUAL AID1 COMPLEM5T>ILY SOLID>ITY1 & ANY BALANC$ RELATION%IP BETWE5 T[N & C\NTRY4 ,9 %ORT1 ?AT IT R$UCES SOCIETY TO A HUGE %OPP+ MALL1 9 :I* DAZ$ PEOPLE MOVE ?R\< ! CORRIDORS ( RETAIL \TLETS BELEAGU]$ BY ,MUZAK & >E ULTIMATELY WRAPP$ UP ) ! V]Y COMMODITIES !Y PRODUCE & BUY4 ,CAPITALISM PROJECTS ?IS AS ! DE/9Y ( HUMANITY AS A :OLE1 BE IT 9 ! FIR/ WORLD OR ! ?IRD WORLD4 ,ALREADY ?IRD WORLD C\NTRIES >E WITNESS+ ! RISE ( AN EXP&+ MIDDLE CLASS1 ( ! WE/]N WORK E?IC1 & ( ! PROMISE1 H[EV] UNSATISFI$ AS YET1 ( ! 0GOOD0 LIFE AS ,G5]AL ,MOTORS & O!R L>GE CORPORATIONS CONCEIVE IT4 ,! REV]SAL ( ! NATURAL EVOLUTION>Y PROCESS & ! COMMODIFICATION ( SOCIETY >E TOO FUNDAM5TAL = ,LEFT ,GRE5S TO IGNORE4 ,! C5TRALITY ( !SE SY/EMIC PROBLEMS %\LD NOT BE CLUTT]$ OV] ) BOOKKEEP+ TO MA9TA9 ! 0/ABILITY0 ( ! SOCIAL ORD]4 ,IT IS BY MEANS ( A =CEFUL ANALYSIS ( ! S\RCES ( ! SY/EMIC PROBLEMS 9 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL LIFE ?AT ,LEFT ,GRE5S ASSUME ! E?ICAL HI< GR\ND FROM :I* TO PROJECT ! IMAGE ( A MORAL & ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY4 ,9 %ORT1 ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD BE 5GAG$ NOT 9 SOCIAL 5G9E]+1 BUT 9 *ANG+ CONSCI\SNESS = A SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,RE=M OR ,REVOLUTION8 ,! PROBLEM ( RELAT+ RE=MI/ DEM&S TO REVOLUTION>Y ONES HAS LONG P]PLEX$ ! ,LEFT HI/ORICALLY4 ,9 ! PREVI\SLY M5TION$ PREAMBLE ( ! ,I,W,W1 = EXAMPLE1 ! EXPRESSIONS ( ! ,I,W,W'S 9T5TIONS >E UNEQUIVOCAL3 FROM ! V]Y \TSET1 IT DECL>ES ?AT AN IRRECONCILABLE W> EXI/S BETWE5 CAPITAL & LABOR4 ,! ,WOBBLIES 5GAG$ 9 HI/ORIC /RIKES1 F\ 5\<4 ,TODAY1 AS WE HAVE SE51 !RE IS REASON TO REG>D ! C5TRALITY ( ! WAGE LABOR-V]SUS-CAPITAL CONFLICT AS LIMIT$ TO A SPECIFIC HI/ORICAL P]IOD4 ,BUT ! ORI5TATION ( ! ,I,W,W PREAMBLE IS NOT ONLY RELEVANT TO \R TIME1 IT %\LD BE CRUCIAL TO ?OSE WRIT+ ! PROGRAM ( REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS TODAY4 ,LITTLE IF ANY?+ 9 !IR ACTIONS - & !RE W]E MANY DIFF]5T T5D5CIES 9 ! ,I,W,W - 9DICATES ?AT !Y W]E G5TLE C>ETAK]S :O WANT$ ! WORK+ CLASS TO 5JOY ! SATISFACTIONS ( HAV+ !IR RE=MI/ DEM&S BE MET4 ,!IR REVOLUTION>Y FRAMEWORK PROVID$ ! ALL-P]VASIVE CONTEXT ( !IR PRACTICAL DEM&S4 ,= ! ,WOBBLIES1 FIIAN 9/ITUTIONS 9 ITS MID/ ?AT W\LD C\NT]VAIL ! HI]>*ICAL FACTORY SY/EM1 & TO EXP& /RIKE MOVEM5TS TO A PO9T :]E !Y W\LD A*IEVE1 !Y HOP$1 A REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE4 ,NO ?9K+ P]SON DUR+ ! E>LY P>T ( ?IS C5TURY C\LD HAVE D\BT$ ?AT ! ,I,W,W WAS A REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T OR ?AT IT WAS 5GAG$ 9 AN IRRECONCILABLE /RUGGLE ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,:AT ! ,I,W,W C\LD NOT HAVE ANTICIPAT$ WAS ! 5ORM\S COOPTIVE P[] ( CAPITALISM TO ABSORB !IR DEM&S = ! ACCEPTANCE ( 9DU/RIAL UNIONS & A CONSID]ABLE MEASURE ( 0WORK]S' CONTROL40 ,9 ! TIME 9 :I* !Y FL\RI%$1 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM SEEM$ TO !M TO BE UTT]LY 9TRACTABLE1 9DE$ MURD]\SLY BRUTAL1 9 PREV5T+ WORK]S FROM CREAT+ TRADE UNIONS ON AN 9DU/RY WIDE SCALE4 ,TODAY1 WE KN[ DIFF]5TLY1 & ! NATURE ( ! RELATION%IP ( RE=M TO REVOLUTION HAS !RE=E *ANG$4 ,WE KN[ ?AT ! COOPTIVE P[]S ( CAPITAL >E ABSOLUTELY 5ORM\S1 BE>+ 9 M9D ?AT CAPITALISM PRIM>ILY SEEKS /ABILITY1 GR[?1 & PR(ITE]+4 ,WE KN[ ?AT ! REAL HI/ORICAL LIMITS ( CAPITALISM >E NOT ONES ?AT >E 0IMMAN5T0 )9 ! SY/EM1 AS ,M>XI/S & MANY AN>*I/S ?\Y ECOLOGY MOVEM5T TODAY MU/ BE TO FOCUS UPON ! 9SUP]ABLE NATURAL OB/ACLES TO CAPITALI/ GR[? & 9 GREAT MEASURE ACCUMULATION & PR(ITE]+4 ,MORE ?AN EV] TODAY1 9 VIEW ( CAPITALISM'S COOPTIVE P[]S1 LEFTI/ CRITICISM ( ! SY/EM MU/ BE AS FUNDAM5TAL AS POSSIBLE1 & ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 PROGRAM %\LD BE /RUCTUR$ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO GUIDE ITS READ]S & POT5TIAL SUPPORT]S T[>D ?OSE SY/EMIC PROBLEMS4 ,& IT MU/ BE A POLITICAL PROGRAM6 ,POLITICS PLAYS A F> GREAT] ROLE 9 ! ECOLOGICAL & ECONOMIC FACTS ( LIFE ?AN C\LD HAVE BE5 ANTICIPAT$ 9 E>LI] P]IODS1 GIV5 ! 9CREAS+LY P]VASIVE ROLE ( ! /ATE 9 SOCIAL LIFE TODAY4 ,WE LIVE 9 AN ]A ( 9CREAS+ /ATE CAPITALISM1 DESPITE ATTEMPTS 9 ,EA/]N C\NTRIES TO CREATE A M>KET ECONOMY4 ,9 ! ,WE/1 :]E CAPITALISM HAS FOLL[$ A 0NORMAL0 OR CLASSICAL DEVELOPM5T1 ! M>KET1 PUBLIC LIFE1 & EV5 PRIVATE LIFE >E 9CREAS+LY CONTROLL$ BY ! /ATE1 9DE$ 9 GREAT MEASURE 5VELOP$ BY IT1 9CLUD+ ITS 5ORM\S P[]S ( SURVEILLANCE4 ,9 ! 9T]PLAY BETWE5 ! COMMODIFICATION ( LIFE & ! /ATE'S CONTROL ( EV5 9TIMATE ASPECTS ( LIFE BY BUREAUCRACIES1 ! OV]ALL EFFECT IS TO TOTALLY DISEMP[] ! 9DIVIDUAL1 :O AS A COMMODITY & AN OBJECT ( /ATE MANIPULATION & SURVEILLANCE SEEMS TO EX]CISE NO CONTROL OV] HIS OR H] LIFE4 ,! NE$ TO LIFT BUREAUCRATIC CONTROLS & /ATE SUPREMACY FROM PUBLIC LIFE HAS GIV5 A PRIORITY TO POLITICS ?AT EXCE$S ANY?+ WE HAVE SE5 9 ! REC5T PA/4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM'S ECONOMI/IC BIAS %\LD BE SIGNIFICANTLY %IFT$ T[>D AN E?ICAL1 ECOLOGICAL1 DEMOCRATIC1 & POLITICAL ORI5TATION4 ,9 DEAL+ ) ! ECONOMY1 IT %\LD MAKE ! IMM$IATE1 M9IMAL DEM& ?AT ! FACTORY SY/EM & ! CAPITALI/ M>KETPLACE BE 9CREAS+LY TAK5 OV] BY ! MUNICIPALITY & POPUL> CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES1 ) ALT]NATIVE TE*NOLOGIES1 NEW =MS ( CONF$]AL MUNICIPAL MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY1 A PEOPLE'S BANK TO F9ANCE MUNICIPALLY CONTROLL$ 5T]PRISE1 & %>P LIMITS TO GR[?4 ,! IMAGE ( A MORAL ECONOMY %\LD BE SPELL$ \T 9 VISION>Y POLITICAL AS WELL AS E?ICAL T]MS ?AT DESCRIBE A RATIONAL & ECOLOGICAL FUTURE BAS$ ON EMP[]$ CITIZ5S1 RA!R ?AN 9 T]MS ( ! M>KET ECONOMY1 TO :OSE ABUSES ?IS PROGRAM (F]S ONLY SURPRIS+LY MODE/ CORRECTIVES4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S' M9IMUM PROGRAM %\LD C5T] ON ISSUES LIKE CONTROL ( GR[?1 CREAT+ A DEC5TRALIZ$1 CONF$]AL P>TICIPATORY DEMOCRACY 7:I* ! NATION- /ATE & ITS BUREAUCRACY C]TA9LY DO NOT WANT71 & ECOLOGICAL ISSUES ?AT CAN BE DEALT ) ON A LOCAL LEVEL4 ,! PROPOS$ PROGRAM IS SURPRIS+LY LACK+ 9 EV5 A BASIC ECOLOGICAL \TLOOK1 LET ALONE A PROM95T ONE4 ,LEFT ,GRE5 GR\PS WILL SURELY WANT TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO !IR COMMUNITIES 9 /RUGGLES = ! PRES]VATION ( WETL&S1 =E/S1 LAKES1 GOOD AGRICULTURAL L&1 & P>TICUL>LY ! ACTIVATION ( CITIZ5S 9 MUNICIPAL & REGIONAL PUBLIC LIFE4 ,) ALL ! F]VOR !Y HAVE1 ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD CITE ! MANY PAT5T 9JU/ICES - EV5 ONES ?AT >E UNJU/ BY B\RGEOIS /&>DS - AS EXAMPLES ( CAPITALISM'S ABUSES4 ,!Y %\LD VIEW ALL SU* /RUGGLES AS DESCRIPTIVE JUMP+-(F PO9TS = ELUCIDAT+ ! RADICAL VIEWS ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S & ! NE$ = BASIC *ANGES 9 ! SOCIAL ORD] - *ANGES ?AT >E 9COMPATIBLE ) ! EXI/5CE ( CAPITALISM & ?AT /& 9 FLAT CONTRADICTION TO ! PRES5T SOCIAL ORD]4 ,EV5 !IR SEEM+LY 0RE=MI/0 DEM&S %\LD G5]ATE ! GREATE/ DEGREE ( RADICALIZATION POSSIBLE & PRES5T UTOPI/IC ALT]NATIVES TO ! IRRATIONALITY ( ! ECONOMY & ! OV]:ELM+ T5D5CY ( CAPITALISM TO DESPOIL ! NATURAL WORLD & COMMODIFY HUMAN BE+S4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 POSITION - BAS$ OV]:ELM+LY ON ECOLOGICAL PRES]VATION1 ON OPPOSITION TO GR[?1 & ON ! EXPANSION ( DEMOCRATIC RIY ?RU/ TO :AT 9ITIALLY MAY SEEM LIKE 0RE=MS4 0 ,BUT ,LEFT ,GRE5S CANNOT 9 ALL HONE/Y & MORALITY PR(ESS TO (F] REM$IES = ?OSE ABUSES )\T FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,!Y %\LD ES*EW PROGRAMMATIC REM$IES )9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM & AVOID C>EFULLY =MULAT$1 PRAGMATIC1 ALMO/ FISCALLY S\ND1 FIDUCI>Y SOLUTIONS4 ,!Y %\LD NOT B5D BASIC ,LEFT ,GRE5 NOTIONS \T ( %APE & RECOGNITION SO ?AT !Y WILL SEEM 0PRACTICAL0 9 ! MOD]N POLITICAL >5A4 ,NEI!R ,LEFT ,GRE5S NOR ANY O!R LEFTI/S CAN HOPE TO PROVIDE RATIONAL ANSW]S1 WE MU/ EMPHASIZE AGA9 & AGA91 TO ! PROBLEMS CREAT$ BY AN IRRATIONAL SOCIETY )\T BECOM+ LIB]AL SOCIAL 5G9E]S1 MAK+ SOCIAL IRRATIONALITY MORE PALATABLE1 & ITS P]SI/5CE EV5 MORE ASSUR$4 ,! ,LEFT ,GRE5S %\LD BE UNCOMPROMIS+ 9 !IR SPIRIT ( OPPOSITION & BITT]LY CRITICAL ( ATTEMPTS BY ! E/ABLI%M5T1 P>TICUL>LY CONV5TIONAL P>TIES1 TO DILUTE !IR DEM&S TO A PO9T :]E !Y BECOME 9 FACT B>EBONE RE=MS4 ,WE KN[ ( NO O!R WAY TO C\NT]VAIL ! COOPTIVE P[]S ( CAPITALISM BUT TO OPPOSE TO IT ! MO/ DEM&+ ECOLOGICAL POSITIONS 9 \R MOVEM5T4 ,WE W\LD LIKE TO REM9D READ]S ( ! SORRY HI/ORY ( :AT HAPP5S :5 A RE=MI/ PROGRAM IS PRES5T$ 9 ! NAME ( REVOLUTION4 ,NORMAN ,?OMAS1 ! PUTATIVE HEIR TO ,EUG5E ,V4 ,DEBS & ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY'S P]5NIAL C&IDATE = ,U4,S4 PRESID5T 9 ! #a#i#cS1 MOAN$ %ORTLY BE=E HIS DEA? AT A PUBLIC MEET+ 9 ! #a#i#fS ?AT ! REASON :Y ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES HAD DW9DL$ FROM A MASS ORGANIZATION 9TO VIRTUAL NONEXI/5CE WAS ?AT ITS PROPOSALS HAD BE5 TAK5 OV] BY ! ,NEW ,DEAL4 ,FEW REM>KS SUM UP MORE PA!TICALLY ! FAILURE ( :AT HAD BE5 AN AV[$LY REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T E>LI] 9 ?IS C5TURY4 ,9 ! YE>S ?AT LIE AHEAD1 ! ,LEFT ,GRE5S MAY EV5TUALLY BECOME A MASS ,GRE5 MOVEM5T1 BUT IF !Y DO SO BY ABDICAT+ !IR BASIC IDEALS1 !Y WILL BE NO BETT] ?AN ! ,G]MAN ,GRE5S1 OR = ?AT MATT] ! ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC P>TY1 :O >E N[ VIRTUALLY 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM EA* O!R4 --,MAY #b#d1 #aiia ,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,MAY #c#a1 #aiia 3 ,A ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,DRAFT ,PROGRAM ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK -- ,PUBLICATION4 ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #bag 3 ,A ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,DRAFT ,PROGRAM ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK -- ,ADD$4 ,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,A ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,DRAFT ,PROGRAM ( ! ,LEFT ,GRE5 ,NETWORK -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/